Метрология, стандартизация и сертификация. Акмайкин Д.А. - 30 стр.

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МГУ им. Невельского | Владивосток

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!) / !#, .0! +!,"  0  9.  "-
!"#$ &!# N
max
,  "- !!+!$) %, (! /
*)/ #) 999, (! & / — 9999 ! . .  #!! 
#& "! , &!# N
max
* . #! +!, 1# .
#!&  N
q
( N
max
(! k = 1. '0" #-
& N
q
= N
max
/k ! &!# N
q
* . *1.0 ('$. @,
. '*&.  1!, (!", 1:999.
#!&! N
max
(#)) *)$. @ ! (! (#"
!(#$*!! 1 *)
1
max
−=
n
cN
,  − ! !-
" &!#!), n − &!# *). (!", (! = 10 ! n =4,
N
max
= 10 000 − 1 = 9999.
*!!"!  #!& *) !! N
max
=9… 99.
N
max
( #!!  #& "! (!'"!, * ) #! +!,-
 1# . #!&  N
q
= N
max
/k. ! * /
!+ x
max
!(* !*"!
maxmax
1
x
q
N =
.
+!) ('*!) #! @ y=k
s
x !#! y = y
min
+
k
s
x,  k
s
= const – "!#$  2,,!+! ('*!).
(&) #!!) (#) !. 4.5 (! ) ,-
"#
)](5,0/[ xsignqxxIntky
s
+
=
.
!. 4.5. "!#$) ,+!) ('*!) @ 
 !) /        ! #,               .0! +!, "       0     9.        " -
 !" #$   &! # Nmax,         " - ! !+!         $ )        %, ( !   /
  * ) /       #) 999, ( ! &       / — 9999 ! . .            # !!
    # & "!      , &! # Nmax *    . #!      +!,        1 #.
       #!&              Nq    (      Nmax ( ! k = 1.      '0 " # -
& Nq= Nmax/k ! &! # Nq *     .    * 1 .0       ( '          $. @ ,
      . ' * & .            1 ! , ( !" , 1:999.
       #!&! Nmax (        #) ) * )        $. @       ! ( ! ( # "
! ( #$*          !!        1          * )         N max = c n − 1 ,        −           !   ! -
     "  &! # !), n − &! #       * ) .                       ( !" , ( !            = 10 ! n =4,
Nmax = 10 000 − 1 = 9999.
         * ! !" !           #!&       *                    )      !    !         Nmax=9… 99.
Nmax (     # !!           # & "! ( !'                      "!, *               ) #!    +!,-
       1 #.       #!&              Nq =                   Nmax/k. !*                   /
                                                            1
         !+ xmax ! ( *          !*"         ! N max =         xmax .
                                                            q
               +!) ( ' *      !) #!        @     y=ksx !#! y = ymin +
ksx,       ks = const – "! #$       2,,!+!    ( ' *        !).
              ( & ) #! !) (        #    )    ! . 4.5 (!        ), -
" #        y = k s xInt[ x / q + 0,5sign( x)] .




                ! . 4.5.     "! #$ ) ,              +!) (       ' *        !) @

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