Метрология, стандартизация и сертификация. Акмайкин Д.А. - 8 стр.

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8
L – #!,
M – ",
T – "),
I – !# ,
Q – "(,
N – #!& 0,
J – !# .
!" 2# ,!*!&!/ #!&!:
 )!, (/!" " " * 1/(299 792
458)  .
 9 192 631 770 (! !*#&!) (/ "-
)"!  )!) " +*!)−133.
!#"" +!#! !* (# (#! ! !!!) (!-
  !&-!"  2#).
"( !!+ , ) /!) !* ,"# 2-
! *
4
,
3
2
TWTRW
% *&(*+
σ
==
! * !
TB
VM
/
=
λ
. .
#, & * $ ,, ) (#)  ! - "(-
.  -) , !* * / ,"#, !(#$*) (!)  2,,!+!-
 , (#&" *&! "!"!& "( 1
0
=
1/273,16  &!  .
"(  !0! ( " (###$ " (!" '-
& #! , (#- " )!! 1 ", *.0!
 * 1 ", *!"! !# 210
−7
.
! (#! # "- ") !"!,  #! !
 !.
! (!! !*"! '/!" '(&!$ !
!*"!, . . *#$ #- ' $ () ! (!*!" .
4 &$ ") ! $*) ('#" "#!!.
%,)&! !-# /) % & # (-
$ (+! ( "!#!*+!! !!+  ! 1 &-
$..
     L – #! ,
     M –"       ,
     T–     "),
     I – !#       ,
     Q – "(             ,
     N – #!&              0     ,
     J – !#         .
        !"      2 #        ,!*!& !/ #!&! :
           −          ) ! , ( / !"          "         " * 1/(299 792
458)        .
               − 9 192 631 770 ( !        !*# & !) ( /        " -
     )"!                    ) !)    " + *!)−133.
       !#     "" − +!#!        !* (#    (# !     ! ! ! !) ( !      -
      !& -!" 2 # ).
        "(          − ! !+        ,       ) / ! ) !* , " # 2 -
                   2
!       * W(*+ =     R & T , W%   *   = σT 4 ! *   !   λ M = BV / T .   .
                   3
    #   ,&    *     $ ,,     ) (    #)        ! -                   "(    -
  .      - ) , !*   *    / , " #, ! ( #$* ) ( ! )                   2,,!+!-
     , ( # & " * & !        " ! "!&           "(                      10 =
1/273,16          & !     .
        "( –      ! 0! (       " ( ## #$ " (                       ! "' -
    &      #! ,    ( # -     "         ) !! 1 "   ,                * .0!
        *  1 " , * !"       !   !# 2⋅10−7 .
         ! – (# !        #" -      ")   ! "!,      #!   !
         ! .
        ! (       !! !*"    !     '/ !"    ' ( &! $ !
!*"     ! , . . * #$      #- ' $ ( )        !   ( !* !" .
4     & $ " )!     $ * ) ( '# " "     # !!.
        %, )& !       ! -# / ) %         &      #−     (-
    $ ( +! ( "        ! #!* +!! ! !+          !   1   & -
  $..



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