The Russian Federation. Акопян Л.Г. - 30 стр.

plant nutrition                                  питание растений
existence of life                                существование жизни
to strengthen                                    укреплять
public figure                                    общественный деятель
to depend the thesis                             защищать диссертацию
to elect                                         избирать
to play a decisive role (in)                     играть решающую роль
hydrogen bomb                                     водородная бомба
to bar atomic and nuclear weapons                запрещать атомное и ядерное
                                                 оружие
to take part (in)                                принимать участие
human rights                                     права человека
to deprive                                       лишать
to exile                                         ссылать
to foresee                                       предвидеть
to take place                                    происходить
to have much in common                           иметь много общего

      6.2 Text 1
      Russian scientists

                            Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov
     Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was a famous Russian writer, chemist and
astronomer who made a lot in literature and science.
     Lomonosov was born on November 19, 1711 in Denisovka (now Lomonosov) near
Archangilsk and studied at the University of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St.
Petersburg . After studying in Germany at the Universities of Marburg and Freiberg,
Lomonosov returned to St. Petersburg in 1745 to teach chemistry and build a teaching
and research laboratory there four years later.
     Lomonosov is often called the founder of Russian science. He was an innovator in
many fields. As a scientist he rejected the phlogiston theory of matter commonly
accepted at the time and he anticipated the kinetic theory of gases. He regarded heat as a
form of motion, suggested the wave theory of light, and stated the idea of conservation
of matter. Lomonosov was the first person to record the freezing of mercury and to
observe the atmosphere of Venus during a solar transit. Interested in the development of
Russia education, Lomonosov helped to found Moscow State University in 1755 and in
the same year wrote a grammar that reformed the Russian literary language by
combining Old Church Slavonic with modern language. In 1760 he published the first
history of Russia. He also revived the art of Russian mosaic and built a mosaic and
coloured-glass factory. Most of his achievements, however, were unknown outside
Russia. He died in St. Petersburg on April 15, 1765.

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