English for Managers. Аристова Е.В. - 9 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

УлГТУ | Ульяновск

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

UNIT 2
Text 2.1
MANAGERS
There is a classic definition that "Leaders do the right thing and managers do
things right." A more standard definition is usually something like "managers work
toward the organization's goals using its resources in an effective and efficient
manner." In a traditional sense, large organizations may have different levels of
managers, including top managers, middle managers and first-line managers.
Top (or executive) managers are responsible for overseeing the whole
organization and typically engage in more strategic and conceptual matters, with less
attention to day-to-day detail. Top managers have middle managers working for them
and who are in charge of a major function or department. Middle managers may
have first-line managers working for them and who are responsible to manage the
day-to-day activities of a group of workers.
Note that there are different types of managers across the same levels in the
organization. A project manager is in charge of developing a certain project, e.g.,
development of a new building. A functional manager is in charge of a major
function, such as a department in the organization, e.g., marketing, sales, engineering,
finance, etc. A product manager is in charge of a product or service. Similarly, a
product line manager is in charge of a group of closely related products. General
managers are in charge of numerous functions within an organization or department.
What Do Managers Do?
There are four major functions of managers; planning, organizing, leading and
coordinating. What managers do is the following:
1) Planning,
including identifying goals, objectives, methods, resources needed to carry out
methods, responsibilities and dates for completion of tasks. Examples of planning are
strategic planning, business planning, project planning, staffing planning, advertising
and promotions planning, etc.
2) Organizing resources
to achieve the goals in an optimum fashion. Examples are organizing new
departments, human resources, office and file systems, re-organizing businesses, etc.
3) Leading,
including to set direction for the organization, groups and individuals and also
influence people to follow that direction. Examples are establishing strategic
direction (vision, values, and goals) and using methods to pursue that direction.
9

Страницы