История письма и чтения. Асафова Г.К. - 104 стр.

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poems and were intended for a more personal, “spiritualized” worship. Most

biblical scholars since Gunkel have accepted his classifications, with perhaps some

modifications, but have focussed increased attention on the setting, the Sitz im

Leben, in which the psalms were sung. Sigmund Mowinckel, a Norwegian scholar,

explained the psalms as wholly cultic both in origin and in intention. He attempted

to relate more than40 psalms to a hypothetical autumnal New Year festival at

which the enthronement of Yahweh as the universal king was commemorated; the

festival was associated with a similar Babylonian celebration. Artur Weiser, a

German scholar, sought the cultic milieu of the Hebrew psalms especially in an

annual feast of covenant renewal, which was uniquely Israelite.

Psalms is a source book for the beliefs contained in the entire Hebrew Bible.

Yet, doctrines are not expounded, for this is a book of the songs of Israel that

describe the way Yahweh was experienced and worshipped. Yahweh is creator and

saviour; Israel is his elected people to whom he remains faithful. The enemies of

this people are the enemies of Yahweh. In these songs are found the entire range of

basic human feelings and attitudes before God–praise, fear, trust, thanksgiving,

faith, lament, joy. The book of Psalms has thus endured as the basic prayer book

for Jews and Christians alike.

HERMETIC WRITINGS

Hermetic writings are also called Hermetica. They are works of revelation

on occult, theological, and philosophical subjects ascribed to the Egyptian god

Thoth (Greek Hermes Trismegistos [Hermes the Thrice-Greatest]), who was

believed to be the inventor of writing and the patron of all the arts dependent on

writing. The collection, written in Greek and Latin, probably datefrom the middle

of the 1st to the end of the 3rd century AD. It was written in the form of Platonic

dialogues and falls into two main classes: “popular” Hermetism, which deals with