История письма и чтения. Асафова Г.К. - 117 стр.

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on the Press in Great Britain, to qualify as news “an event must first be interesting

to the public, and the public for this purpose means for each paper the people who

read that paper.” But the importance of newspapers stretches far beyond a passing

human interest in events. In the 19th century the first independent newspapers

contributed significantly to the spread of literacy and of the concepts of human

rights and democratic freedoms. Newspapers continue to shape opinions in the

“global village” of the late 20th century, where international preoccupations are

frequently of concern to the individual, and where individual tragedies are often

played out on an international stage. Since it is commonly held that individuals

have a right to know enough about what is happening to be able to participate in

public life, the newspaper journalist is deemed to have a duty to inform. Whenever

this public right to know comes under attack, a heavy responsibility falls on the

journalist.

Origins and early evidences

The daily newspaper is essentially the product of an industrialized society. In

its independent form, the newspaper is usually integral to the development of

democracy. The newspaper thus defined was fairly late in emerging, since it

depended on a certain basic freedom of speech and relatively widespread literacy.

THE MODERN ERA OF NEWSPAPER PUBLISHING

Since World War II, there have been radical changes in newspaper

production on a par with those brought by the Industrial Revolution. Electronic

technology has revolutionized the ways in which newspapers are written, edited,

and printed, while radio and television have developed into serious competitors as

sources of news, official information, and entertainment and as a vehicle for

advertising.