Speaking legal English. Борисова Л.А. - 50 стр.

      – a statement of limited liability on the shareholders;
      – a statement of the companies authorized share capital;
      – the signature of one or more subscribers.
      The Articles of Association sets out the rules for the running of the
company's internal affairs. Clauses refer to share capital, issue of shares, transfer
of shares and powers of Directors. All companies must register Articles with
Companies House. The company's Articles of Association must be signed by
each subscriber or member in front of an independent witness.
      After you have completed and signed the Memorandum and Articles of
Association, Companies House Forms 10 and 12 you file the documents to the
Registrar of Companies. Within 7 days you should receive a Certificate of
Incorporation, and you are now ready to commence business.

                                  Forming a Corporation
       To form a corporation, you must file «articles of incorporation» with the
corporations division (usually part of the Secretary of State's office) of your
state government. Filing fees are typically $100 or so. For most small
corporations, articles of incorporation are relatively short and easy to prepare.
Most states provide a simple form for you to fill out, which usually asks for little
more than the name of your corporation, its address and the contact information
for one person involved with the corporation (often called a registered agent or
statutory agent). Some states also require you to list the names of the directors of
your corporation.
       In addition to filing articles of incorporation, you must create «corporate
bylaws». While bylaws do not have to be filed with the state, they are important
because they set out the basic rules that govern the ongoing formalities and
decisions of corporate life, such as how and when to hold regular and special
meetings of directors and shareholders and the number of votes that are
necessary to approve corporate decisions.
       You must issue stock certificates to the initial owners (shareholders) of
the corporation and record who owns the ownership interests (shares or stock) in
the business.
       Every company needs a federal employer identification number (EIN).
So, you must apply for and get one from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).

       Exercise 8. Find in the texts above the words which mean the following
and translate them.

      1. The act of establishing a company.
      2. Activities within a particular organization.
      3. To ask somebody to pay a particular amount of money for some
         service.
      4. To establish a company.
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