Английский язык. Цыбина Е.А - 31 стр.

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31
with the offence, that is to say the police formally accuse him of committing it. After
this, the accused appears before a mastrate. This is a well-respected member of the
public who is empowered to decide, with a lawyer’s help, what to do about minor
cases. If the magistrate finds the accused guilty, he will sentence him to pay a fine, or
some other minor punishment.
More serious cases are passed up to the Crown Court, where the accused is tried
for the offence by a judge, and usually a jury. Very serious cases are heard in the
high courts in London. The accused may have to wait a long time to stand trial.
Sometimes he can pay bail, as a kind of guarantee, and await the trial in freedom. In
other cases, he is remanded in custody by the magistrate, and must wait in a cell, in a
police station or a remand prison.
At the trial, the accused pleads guilty or not guilty. If he pleads not guilty, the
jury, composed of twelve ordinary citizens, has to decide if he is guilty or not. This
decision is called their verdict. The judge directs proceedings, and decides what
punishment to give, if any. The lawyers who try to persuade the jury are called
barristers. In court, the one on the side of the accused is known as the Counsel for
the Defence, and the one against him is called the Counsel for the Prosecution. Each
barrister calls witnesses to give evidence in support of his case. The witnesses can be
cross-examined by the other counsel, who tries to persuade the jury that the evidence
is untrue or not important.
When all the evidence has been heard, the judge sums up the case and explains
legal points for the jury’s benefit. He must not try to influence their decision,
however. The jury retire to another room, where they try to reach a verdict. If they
find the accused guilty as charged, we say he has been convicted of the offence. The
judge then passes sentence. He may sentence the guilty person to pay a fine, to a
number of years’ imprisonment, or to some other punishment. If the verdict is ‘not
guilty’, we say the accused has been acquitted of the offence, and he goes free. If the
accused feels there was something unfair about the trial, he may appeal to the Appeal
Courts, where three judges decide the case.
44. Cover the text. Which words on the left go with which word or words on the
right?
a plead
b cross-examine
c remand
d commit
e reach
f stand
g find
h hear
i pay
j call
k give
l sum up
m pass
I verdict
II case
III imprisonment
IV sentence
V witnesses
VI offence
VII evidence
VIII guilty/not guilty
IX trial
X fine
XI bail
XII custody

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