Методические указания по учебно-полевой практике для студентов 2 курса почвенного отделения. Дудкин Ю.И - 16 стр.

UptoLike

Рубрика: 

16
J_ev_n
ahgu \ ij_^_eZo Kj_^g_jmkkdhc \ha\ur_gghklb
oZjZdl_jbam_lkykbevghi_j_k_q_gghcf_klghklvxk]em[hdh\j_aZgghcj_qghc
b h\jZ`gh
-
[Zehqghc k_lvx
.
LZdbf h[jZahf q_j_^mxlky \h^gh
-
wjhabhggu_ b
\h^gh
-
Zddmfmeylb\gu_ we_f_glu j_ev_nZ X`g__ ih f_j_ ijb[eb`_gby d
Ijbq_jghfhjkdhc jZ\gbg_ jZkqe_g_gghklv f_klghklb agZqbl_evgh
mf_gvrZ_lkyGZqbgZxlij_h[eZ^ZlvkeZ[h\hegbklu_nhjfuj_ev_nZ
Ihq\hh[jZamxsbfb ihjh^Zfb
ahgu y\eyxlky ]eZ\guf h[jZahf
lbibqgu_ e_kku\aZiZ^ghc qZklb kl_i_c b e_kkh\b^gu_ km]ebgdbgZ
hklZevghcl_jjblhjbbE_kkh\ZylhesZjZkqe_g_gZih]j_[_ggufbihq\ZfbgZ
3-
 yjmkZ Gb`_ b^ml lj_lbqgu_ aZkhe_ggu_ hleh`_gby kihkh[gu_ ^Z\Zlv
\hafh`ghklv h[jZah\Zgby khehgp_\Zluo ihq\ >hebgu j_d keh`_gu
Zeex\bZevgufbhleh`_gbyfb
JZklbl_evghklv
kl_ighc ahgu gZ _kl_kl\_gguo m]h^vyo ij_^klZ\e_gZ
^\mfy ih^ahgZfb 
jZaghljZ\gh
-
lbiqZdh\h
-
dh\uevghc b
lbiqZdh\h
-
dh\uevghc kl_iyfb K k_\_jZ gZ x] ahgu ih f_j_ ihklhyggh]h gZjZklZgby
dk_jhnblghklb]mklhlZb\ukhlZljZ\ygbklh]hihdjh\Zkgb`Z_lky>eykl_i_c
hlq_leb\h \ujZ`_g i_jbh^e_lg_]h ihemihdhyKj_^b ^_jgh\uo i_j\h_ f_klh
aZgbfZxl dh\ueb E_kZ ihdju\Zxl hdhehkl_ighc ahgu b ijbmjhq_gu d
ihcfZfkdehgZf^hebgbh\jZ]h\
Ihq\_gguc ihdjh\
ahgu ij_^klZ\e_g q_jgha_fZfb h[udgh\_ggufb
ih^ jZaghljZ\gh
-
lbiqZdh\h
-
dh\uevgufb kl_iyfb b x`gufih^ lbiqZdh\h
-
dh\uevgufbkl_iyfbQ_jgha_fhh[jZah\Zgb_kl_i_chlebqZ_lkyke_^mxsbfb
hkh[_gghklyfb
f_g__bgl_gkb\guf]mfmkhgZdhie_gb_fq_f\e_khkl_ib
2 –
g_ijhfu\guf \h^guf j_`bfhf k g_]em[hdbf ijhfZqb\Zgb_f 
gZebqb_fgZdhie_gbykhe_c\gb`g_cqZklbijhnbeybfZl_jbgkdhcihjh^_
Zdlb\baZpb_ckhehgp_\ZlhklbijbkeZ[hcaZkhe_gghklbihjh^
H[udgh\_ggu_ q_jgha_fu bf_xl ohjhrh \ujZ`_gguc ]mfmkh\uc
]hjbahgll_fgh
-
k_jhchdjZkdbkijhqghca_jgbklhckljmdlmjhcFhsghklv_]h
hdheh
-
kfgZqbgZyk_]hk_j_^bguihy\ey_lkybihkl_i_gghmkbeb\Z_lky
                                       16


       J_ev_n    ahgu    \    ij_^_eZo   Kj_^g_jmkkdhc     \ha\ur_gghklb
oZjZdl_jbam_lkykbevghi_j_k_q_gghcf_klghklvxk]em[hdh\j_aZgghcj_qghc
b h\jZ`gh-[Zehqghc k_lvx. LZdbf h[jZahf q_j_^mxlky \h^gh-wjhabhggu_ b
\h^gh-Zddmfmeylb\gu_ we_f_glu j_ev_nZ X`g__ ih f_j_ ijb[eb`_gby d
Ijbq_jghfhjkdhc      jZ\gbg_    jZkqe_g_gghklv    f_klghklb     agZqbl_evgh
mf_gvrZ_lkyGZqbgZxlij_h[eZ^ZlvkeZ[h\hegbklu_nhjfuj_ev_nZ
       Ihq\hh[jZamxsbfb ihjh^Zfb ahgu y\eyxlky ]eZ\guf h[jZahf
lbibqgu_ e_kku  \ aZiZ^ghc qZklb kl_i_c  b e_kkh\b^gu_ km]ebgdb gZ
hklZevghcl_jjblhjbb E_kkh\ZylhesZjZkqe_g_gZih]j_[_ggufbihq\ZfbgZ
3- yjmkZ Gb`_ b^ml lj_lbqgu_ aZkhe_ggu_ hleh`_gby kihkh[gu_ ^Z\Zlv
\hafh`ghklv h[jZah\Zgby khehgp_\Zluo ihq\ >hebgu j_d keh`_gu
Zeex\bZevgufbhleh`_gbyfb
       JZklbl_evghklv kl_ighc ahgu gZ _kl_kl\_gguo m]h^vyo ij_^klZ\e_gZ
^\mfy ih^ahgZfb  – jZaghljZ\gh-lbiqZdh\h-dh\uevghc b  – lbiqZdh\h-
dh\uevghc kl_iyfb K k_\_jZ gZ x] ahgu ih f_j_ ihklhyggh]h gZjZklZgby
dk_jhnblghklb ]mklhlZ b \ukhlZ ljZ\ygbklh]h ihdjh\Z kgb`Z_lky>eykl_i_c
hlq_leb\h \ujZ`_g i_jbh^ e_lg_]h ihemihdhy Kj_^b ^_jgh\uo i_j\h_ f_klh
aZgbfZxl dh\ueb E_kZ ihdju\Zxl hdheh   kl_ighc ahgu b ijbmjhq_gu d
ihcfZfkdehgZf^hebgbh\jZ]h\
       Ihq\_gguc ihdjh\ ahgu ij_^klZ\e_g q_jgha_fZfb h[udgh\_ggufb
ih^ jZaghljZ\gh-lbiqZdh\h-dh\uevgufb kl_iyfb  b x`guf ih^ lbiqZdh\h-
dh\uevgufbkl_iyfb Q_jgha_fhh[jZah\Zgb_kl_i_chlebqZ_lkyke_^mxsbfb
hkh[_gghklyfb–f_g__bgl_gkb\guf]mfmkhgZdhie_gb_fq_f\e_khkl_ib
2 – g_ijhfu\guf \h^guf j_`bfhf k g_]em[hdbf ijhfZqb\Zgb_f  –
gZebqb_fgZdhie_gbykhe_c\gb`g_cqZklbijhnbeybfZl_jbgkdhcihjh^_–
Zdlb\baZpb_ckhehgp_\ZlhklbijbkeZ[hcaZkhe_gghklbihjh^
       H[udgh\_ggu_ q_jgha_fu bf_xl ohjhrh \ujZ`_gguc ]mfmkh\uc
]hjbahgll_fgh-k_jhchdjZkdbkijhqghca_jgbklhckljmdlmjhcFhsghklv_]h
hdheh-kfgZqbgZyk_]hk_j_^bguihy\ey_lkybihkl_i_gghmkbeb\Z_lky