Welcome to the computer world. Practice materials for 1st year students. Еранина Т.И - 39 стр.

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Task 6. Fill in the gaps using the words below:

         1) You access the information through one interface or tool called a ...
         2) People connected to the WWW through the local ... have access to a
            variety of information.
         3) The user doesn't need to know where the site is, the ... follows the...
         4) In 1996 there were more than 20 million users of the...
         5) Each ... provides a graphical interface.
         6) Local ... charge money for their services to access ... resources.

Task 7. Read the text and write the translation of them.

                        Babbage's Analytical Engine

                     In 1832, an English inventor and mathematician Charles
         Babbage was commissioned by the British government to develop a
         system for calculating the rise and fall of the tides.
                     Babbage designed a device and called it an analytical engine.
         It was the first programmable computer, complete with punched cards for
         data input. Babbage gave the engine the ability to perform different
         types of mathematical operations. The machine was not confined to
         simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division. It had its own
         "memory", due to which the machine could use different combinations
         and sequences of operations to suit the purposes of the operator.
                   The machine of his dream was never realized in his life. Yet
         Babbage's idea didn't die with him. Other scientists made attempts to
         build mechanical, general-purpose, stored-program computers
         throughout the next century. In 1941 a relay computer was built in
         Germany by Conrad Zuse. It was a major step toward the realization of
         Babbage's dream.


                      The Mark I Computer (1937-1944)

                     In 1944 in the United States, International Business Ma-
         chines (IBM) built a machine in cooperation with scientists working at
         Harvard University under the direction of Prof. Aik-en. The machine,
         called Mark I Automatic Sequence-Controlled Calculator, was built to
         perform calculations for the Manhattan Project, which led to the
         development of atomic bomb. It was the largest electromechanical
         calculator ever built. It used over 3000 electrically actuated switches to
         control its operations. Although its operations were not controlled elec-