Компьютерная техника. Еремина Н.В. - 39 стр.

       Also introduced at the first West Coast Computer Fair, Commondore's PET
(Personal Electronic Transactor) started a long line of expensive personal computers
that brought computers to the masses.
       (The VIC-20 that followed was the first computer to sell 1 million units, and
the Commondore 64 after that was the first to offer a whopping 64 KB of memory)
       The keyboard and small monochrome display both fit in the same one-piece
unit. Like the Apple II, the PET ran on MOS Technology's 6502 Its $795 price key to
the Pets popularity supplied only 4 KB of RAM but included a built-in cassette tape
drive for data storage and 8-KB version of Microsoft BASIC in its 14-KB ROM

       • Radio Shack TRS-80
       Remember the Trash 80'' Sold at local Radio Shack stores in your choice of
color (Mercedes Silver) the TRS-80 was the first ready-to-go computer to use Zilog s
Z80 processor
       The base unit was essentially a thick keyboard with 4 KB of RAM and 4 KB of
ROM (which included BASIC) An optional expansion box that connected by ribbon
cable allowed for memory expansion A Pink Pearl eraser was standard equipment to
keep those ribbon cable connections clean.
       Much of the first software for this system was distributed on audiocassettes
played in from Radio Shack cassette recorders

       • Osborne 1 Portable
       By the end of the 1970s garage start-ups were pass Fortunately there were
other entrepreneurial possibilities Take Adam Osborne for example He sold Osborne
Books to McGraw-Hill and started Osborne Computer Its first product, the 24-pound
Osborne 1 Portable, boasted a low price of $1795.
       More important Osborne established the practice of bundling software - in
spades. The Osborne 1 came with nearly $1500 worth of programs WordStar
SuperCalc BASIC and a slew of CP/M utilities.
       Business was looking good until Osborne preannounced its next version while
sitting on a warehouse full of Osborne 1 S Oops Reorganization under Chapter 11
followed soon thereafter.

        Xerox Star
       This is the system that launched a thousand innovations in 1981 The work of
some of the best people at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) went into it
Several of these - the mouse and a desktop GUI with icons - showed up two years
later in Apple s Lisa and Macintosh computers. The Star wasn't what you would call
a commercial success however The main problem seemed to be how much it cost It
would be nice to believe that someone shifted a decimal point somewhere The pricing
started at $50,000

      • IBM PC
      Irony of ironies that someone at mainframe-centric IBM recognized the
business potential in personal computers The result was in 1981 landmark