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forms the structures and interaction energies of asphaltene parti-
cles – at low temperatures a new metastable (transient) state of
asphaltene colloids is characterised by association energy of
32–34 kcal/mol. A plausible mechanism of transition to a metasta-
ble state is formation of more complex asphaltene associates, as
confirmed by direct measurements by other authors (cf. Fig. 3).
Fig. 2. Schematic behaviour of asphaltene
association energies at 8–18
o
C E
ass
, after
1 hr thermal pre-treatment at T
pt
of a
model crude oil with asphaltene
concentration of 40 g/l (adapted from
Evdokimov et al., 2001).
Fig. 3. Effects of temperature on the
volume of asphaltene colloid particles in a
model crude with asphaltene concentration
of 36 g/l. (Fluorescence measurements of
Dr. R.Z. Syunyaev, adapted from
Evdokimov et al., 2001).
In the present communication we report the results of new
experiments in support of thermally induced metastable (tran-
sient) states in asphaltene-rich fluids.
9
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