Нефтегазовые нанотехнологии для разработки и эксплуатации месторождений. Часть 2. Евдокимов И.Н - 9 стр.

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nologies and other domains of atomic and molecular sci-
ence/engineering. The fairly representative definitions are:
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Nanoscience is the study of phenomena and manipulation of ma-
terials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where
properties differ significantly from those at a larger scale.
Nanotechnologies are the design, characterization, production and
application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape
and size at nanometer scale.”
Note that these definitions do not refer to any specific meth-
ods/devices like nanobots. The reason is that, in fact, there are two
fairly distinct branches of nanotechnology. More commonly, the
term “nanotechnology” is used interchangeably with “molecular
nanotechnology” (MNT), which exploits the concept of mechano-
synthesis based on positionally-controlled molecular manipulation
(forced assembly), guided by machine systems - scanning probe de-
vices (STM, AFM) or Drexler’s nanobots.
Fig. 2 Molecular nanostructures by self-assembly.
As indicated, we do not expect that in the foreseeable future
this type of nanotechnology will be of any importance for upstream
operations. The other branch of nanotechnology evolved as su-