Нефтегазовые нанотехнологии для разработки и эксплуатации месторождений. Часть 2. Евдокимов И.Н - 9 стр.

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nologies and other domains of atomic and molecular sci-

ence/engineering. The fairly representative definitions are:

“Nanoscience is the study of phenomena and manipulation of ma-

terials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where

properties differ significantly from those at a larger scale.”

“Nanotechnologies are the design, characterization, production and

application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape

and size at nanometer scale.”

Note that these definitions do not refer to any specific meth-

ods/devices like nanobots. The reason is that, in fact, there are two

fairly distinct branches of nanotechnology. More commonly, the

term “nanotechnology” is used interchangeably with “molecular

nanotechnology” (MNT), which exploits the concept of mechano-

synthesis based on positionally-controlled molecular manipulation

(forced assembly), guided by machine systems - scanning probe de-

vices (STM, AFM) or Drexler’s nanobots.

Fig. 2 Molecular nanostructures by self-assembly.

As indicated, we do not expect that in the foreseeable future

this type of nanotechnology will be of any importance for upstream

operations. The other branch of nanotechnology evolved as su-