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3
РАЗДЕЛ I
Текст А. “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”
Грамматика. 1. Сводная таблица видовременных форм глагола в действитель-
ном залоге
2. Времена группы Indefinite Active
3. Определенный артикль the. Нулевой артикль
Текст Б. “Dialects of English”
Словообразование. Суффиксы абстрактных существительных
ТЕКСТ А
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the
British Isles – a large group of islands lying off the north-western coast of Europe
and separated from the continent by the English Channel and the Straight of Do-
ver in the south and the North Sea in the east.
The British Isles consist of two large islands – Great Britain and Ireland –
separated by the Irish Sea, and a lot of small islands.
Historically the territory of the United Kingdom is divided into four parts: Eng-
land, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The total area of the United Kingdom is 244 square kilometres.
The territory of Great Britain can be divided into three natural regions:
1) Scotland with highland and upland relief and coniferous and mixed for-
ests;
2) Wales and mountainous England with upland considerably cut by ravines
and valleys and covered with meadows, moorland and cultivated farmland, with
patches of broadleaf forest;
3) South-east England with plain landscape, fertile soils, the predominance
of cultivated farmland, with patches of broadleaf forest.
Great Britain is situated in the temperate zone of Europe. The nature of
Great Britain is greatly affected by the sea: there is no place situated more than
100-120 km from the seashore, in the northern parts only 40-60 km.
Great Britain enjoys the humid and mild marine West-Coast climate with
warm winters and cool summers and a lot of rainfall throughout the year. As to
temperature, Great Britain has warmer winters than any other district in the same
latitude. It is due in large measure to the prevalence of mild south-west winds.
Another factor is the Gulf Stream, which flows from the Gulf of Mexico and brings
much warmth from the equatorial regions to north-western Europe.
The rivers of Britain are short; their direction and character are determined
by the position of the mountains. British rivers are not navigable for ocean ships,
but they form deep estuaries. Most of the large ports of Great Britain are situated
in the estuaries. The most important rivers are the Severn, the Thames, the Tyne
and the Trent.
The United Kingdom was the first country in the world which became highly
industrialized. Until recent times, Britain’s heavy industry was mainly concentrated
in the centre of England and in the London region. Such towns as Birmingham,
Coventry and Sheffield produced heavy machines, railway carriages and motor-
cars. In the 20
th
century new branches of industry appeared: electronics, radio,
chemical industry and others.
Great Britain produces a lot of wool. Sheep-farming, cattle-farming and
3
РАЗДЕЛ I
Текст А. “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”
Грамматика. 1. Сводная таблица видовременных форм глагола в действитель-
ном залоге
2. Времена группы Indefinite Active
3. Определенный артикль the. Нулевой артикль
Текст Б. “Dialects of English”
Словообразование. Суффиксы абстрактных существительных
ТЕКСТ А
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the
British Isles – a large group of islands lying off the north-western coast of Europe
and separated from the continent by the English Channel and the Straight of Do-
ver in the south and the North Sea in the east.
The British Isles consist of two large islands – Great Britain and Ireland –
separated by the Irish Sea, and a lot of small islands.
Historically the territory of the United Kingdom is divided into four parts: Eng-
land, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The total area of the United Kingdom is 244 square kilometres.
The territory of Great Britain can be divided into three natural regions:
1) Scotland with highland and upland relief and coniferous and mixed for-
ests;
2) Wales and mountainous England with upland considerably cut by ravines
and valleys and covered with meadows, moorland and cultivated farmland, with
patches of broadleaf forest;
3) South-east England with plain landscape, fertile soils, the predominance
of cultivated farmland, with patches of broadleaf forest.
Great Britain is situated in the temperate zone of Europe. The nature of
Great Britain is greatly affected by the sea: there is no place situated more than
100-120 km from the seashore, in the northern parts only 40-60 km.
Great Britain enjoys the humid and mild marine West-Coast climate with
warm winters and cool summers and a lot of rainfall throughout the year. As to
temperature, Great Britain has warmer winters than any other district in the same
latitude. It is due in large measure to the prevalence of mild south-west winds.
Another factor is the Gulf Stream, which flows from the Gulf of Mexico and brings
much warmth from the equatorial regions to north-western Europe.
The rivers of Britain are short; their direction and character are determined
by the position of the mountains. British rivers are not navigable for ocean ships,
but they form deep estuaries. Most of the large ports of Great Britain are situated
in the estuaries. The most important rivers are the Severn, the Thames, the Tyne
and the Trent.
The United Kingdom was the first country in the world which became highly
industrialized. Until recent times, Britain’s heavy industry was mainly concentrated
in the centre of England and in the London region. Such towns as Birmingham,
Coventry and Sheffield produced heavy machines, railway carriages and motor-
cars. In the 20th century new branches of industry appeared: electronics, radio,
chemical industry and others.
Great Britain produces a lot of wool. Sheep-farming, cattle-farming and
