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ɋɥɨɜɚɪɢ
Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ / [ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ. Ɇ.ɋ. ɒɟɜɟɥɟɜɚ]. – Ɇ. :
ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ, 1976. – 945 ɫ.
ɉɨɬɢɯɚɁ.Ⱥ. ɒɤɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ
ɹɡɵɤɚ / Ɂ.Ⱥ. ɉɨɬɢɯɚ. – Ɇ. : ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ, 1964. – 392 ɫ.
ɌɢɯɨɧɨɜȺ.ɇ. ɋɥɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ /
Ⱥ.ɇ. Ɍɢɯɨɧɨɜ. – Ɇ. : Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɹɡɵɤ, 1985. – Ɍ. 1–2.
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ
1. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɨɜ ɧɚ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ
(ɦɨɪɮɟɦɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ)?
2. Ʉɚɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ ɤɚɤ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ
(ɤɨɪɟɧɶ, ɩɪɢɫɬɚɜɤɚ, ɫɭɮɮɢɤɫ, ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ, ɩɨɫɬɮɢɤɫ)? Ʉɚɤɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ
ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɥɨɜɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɢɤɫ?
3. ɑɟɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ
ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ?
4. ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɭɮɮɢɤɫɨɢɞɵ ɢ ɩɪɟɮɢɤɫɨɢɞɵ?
5. ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ (ɤɨɪɧɢ)?
6. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɯ ɦɨɪɮɟɦ?
7. ȼ ɱɟɦ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɱɥɟɧɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜ?
8. Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɦɨɧɢɦɢɱɧɵɦɢ?
9. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɨɪɮɟɦ?
10.
ɑɟɦ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɦɨɪɮɟɦ? ȼ ɱɟɦ ɢɯ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ
ɚɥɥɨɦɨɪɮɨɜ?
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ 1. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɫɥɨɜ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɢɯ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ.
1. ɍɫɬɚɥɨɫɬɶ, ɦɨɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ, ɩɨ-ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦɭ, ɬɢɯɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ, ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɧɟɠɢɧɤɚ, ɝɨɪɨɲɢɧɤɚ, ɨɫɢɧɤɚ, ɥɢɱɢɧɤɚ, ɫɤɨɬɢɧɤɚ.
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2. Ɂɚɛɨɣɳɢɤ, ɩɟɪɟɥɟɬɧɵɣ, ɫɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɬɶ, ɫɝɨɪɹɱɚ, ɩɪɨɫɬɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ
ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɪɨɡɨɱɤɚ, ɦɚɪɨɱɤɚ, ɩɨɥɨɫɨɱɤɚ, ɯɨɥɫɬɢɧɨɱɤɚ,
ɥɚɫɬɨɱɤɚ.
3. ɍɤɪɚɲɟɧɢɟ, ɡɚɜɚɪɟɧɧɵɣ, ɫɦɨɥɨɞɭ, ɫɬɪɚɲɧɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɝɨɥɨɞɨɜɤɚ, ɨɛɧɨɜɤɚ, ɡɢɦɨɜɤɚ, ɜɢɧɬɨɜɤɚ, ɡɚɛɚɫɬɨɜɤɚ.
4. ɉɪɢɦɟɥɶɤɚɬɶɫɹ, ɡɟɦɥɹɧɢɱɧɵɣ, ɫɧɨɜɚ, ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɳɢɰɚ, ɜɵɪɚɳɟɧɧɵɣ;
ɤɨɫɢɥɤɚ, ɩɱɟɥɤɚ, ɛɭɥɤɚ, ɩɨɫɵɥɤɚ, ɛɭɬɵɥɤɚ.
5. ɇɚɡɪɟɜɚɬɶ, ɢɡɞɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ, ɜɜɟɪɯɭ, ɩɪɹɦɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɟɜɟɪɹɧɢɧ, ɪɨɫɫɢɹɧɢɧ, ɦɚɪɫɢɚɧɢɧ, ɛɨɥɝɚɪɢɧ, ɦɚɪɝɚɪɢɧ.
6. ɉɪɢɰɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɞɨɦɧɢɰɚ, ɡɚɪɟɱɧɵɣ, ɜɧɢɡɭ, ɤɪɚɫɢɜɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ
ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ, ɬɨɪɠɟɫɬɜɨ, ɧɟɜɟɠɟɫɬɜɨ, ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɬɜɨ,
ɫɬɢɥɹɠɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ.
7. ɇɚɪɹɠɚɬɶɫɹ, ɢɫɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɪɚɡɨɛɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ
(ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ, ɩɪɨɥɟɬɚɪɢɚɬ, ɱɟɦɩɢɨɧɚɬ,
ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬ, ɞɟɤɚɧɚɬ.
8. Ɋɚɡɜɟɫɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɱɟɪɧɢɥɶɧɢɰɚ, ɫɜɟɪɯɭ, ɜɟɪɧɨ
(ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɱɚɫɬɥɢɜɟɰ, ɥɨɜɟɰ, ɩɟɜɟɰ, ɤɪɚɫɚɜɟɰ,
ɪɭɛɟɰ, ɩɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɠɟɰ.
9. ɍɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɜɨɞɧɟɧɢɟ, ɢɫɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɫɧɨɜɚ, ɝɨɪɞɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ
ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɝɨɪɧɢɫɬ, ɚɥɶɩɢɧɢɫɬ, ɲɨɜɢɧɢɫɬ, ɲɚɯɦɚɬɢɫɬ,
ɩɢɚɧɢɫɬ.
10. ɂɡɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɶ, ɬɪɚɜɹɧɢɫɬɵɣ, ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɢɰɚ, ɧɚɥɟɜɨ, ɫɪɟɡɚɧɧɵɣ;
ɭɦɟɥɟɰ, ɫɬɪɟɥɟɰ, ɩɚɥɟɰ,
ɜɥɚɞɟɥɟɰ, ɛɟɝɥɟɰ.
11. ɋɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ, ɭɜɚɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɜɩɪɢɩɪɵɠɤɭ, ɫɢɞɹ; ɦɭɱɢɬɟɥɶ,
ɫɩɚɫɢɬɟɥɶ, ɦɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ, ɚɩɪɟɥɶ, ɜɥɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ.
12. ɋɬɨɥɩɢɬɶɫɹ, ɫɭɞɨɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ, ɭɞɢɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɫɩɪɨɫɨɧɨɤ,
ɜɵɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɣ; ɫɨɝɥɚɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ,
ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ.
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ɋɥɨɜɚɪɢ 2. Ɂɚɛɨɣɳɢɤ, ɩɟɪɟɥɟɬɧɵɣ, ɫɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɬɶ, ɫɝɨɪɹɱɚ, ɩɪɨɫɬɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ
Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ / [ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ. Ɇ.ɋ. ɒɟɜɟɥɟɜɚ]. – Ɇ. : ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɪɨɡɨɱɤɚ, ɦɚɪɨɱɤɚ, ɩɨɥɨɫɨɱɤɚ, ɯɨɥɫɬɢɧɨɱɤɚ,
ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɚɹ ɷɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɹ, 1976. – 945 ɫ.
ɥɚɫɬɨɱɤɚ.
ɉ ɨ ɬ ɢ ɯ ɚ Ɂ.Ⱥ. ɒɤɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ
ɹɡɵɤɚ / Ɂ.Ⱥ. ɉɨɬɢɯɚ. – Ɇ. : ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ, 1964. – 392 ɫ. 3. ɍɤɪɚɲɟɧɢɟ, ɡɚɜɚɪɟɧɧɵɣ, ɫɦɨɥɨɞɭ, ɫɬɪɚɲɧɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ
Ɍ ɢ ɯ ɨ ɧ ɨ ɜ Ⱥ.ɇ. ɋɥɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ /
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɝɨɥɨɞɨɜɤɚ, ɨɛɧɨɜɤɚ, ɡɢɦɨɜɤɚ, ɜɢɧɬɨɜɤɚ, ɡɚɛɚɫɬɨɜɤɚ.
Ⱥ.ɇ. Ɍɢɯɨɧɨɜ. – Ɇ. : Ɋɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɹɡɵɤ, 1985. – Ɍ. 1–2.
4. ɉɪɢɦɟɥɶɤɚɬɶɫɹ, ɡɟɦɥɹɧɢɱɧɵɣ, ɫɧɨɜɚ, ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɳɢɰɚ, ɜɵɪɚɳɟɧɧɵɣ;
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɤɨɫɢɥɤɚ, ɩɱɟɥɤɚ, ɛɭɥɤɚ, ɩɨɫɵɥɤɚ, ɛɭɬɵɥɤɚ.
1. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɨɜ ɧɚ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ 5. ɇɚɡɪɟɜɚɬɶ, ɢɡɞɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ, ɜɜɟɪɯɭ, ɩɪɹɦɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ
(ɦɨɪɮɟɦɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ)? ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɟɜɟɪɹɧɢɧ, ɪɨɫɫɢɹɧɢɧ, ɦɚɪɫɢɚɧɢɧ, ɛɨɥɝɚɪɢɧ, ɦɚɪɝɚɪɢɧ.
2. Ʉɚɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ ɤɚɤ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ 6. ɉɪɢɰɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɞɨɦɧɢɰɚ, ɡɚɪɟɱɧɵɣ, ɜɧɢɡɭ, ɤɪɚɫɢɜɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ
(ɤɨɪɟɧɶ, ɩɪɢɫɬɚɜɤɚ, ɫɭɮɮɢɤɫ, ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɟ, ɩɨɫɬɮɢɤɫ)? Ʉɚɤɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ, ɬɨɪɠɟɫɬɜɨ, ɧɟɜɟɠɟɫɬɜɨ, ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɬɜɨ,
ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɥɨɜɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɢɤɫ? ɫɬɢɥɹɠɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ.
3. ɑɟɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɨɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ 7. ɇɚɪɹɠɚɬɶɫɹ, ɢɫɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɪɚɡɨɛɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ
ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ? (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ, ɩɪɨɥɟɬɚɪɢɚɬ, ɱɟɦɩɢɨɧɚɬ,
4. ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɭɮɮɢɤɫɨɢɞɵ ɢ ɩɪɟɮɢɤɫɨɢɞɵ? ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬ, ɞɟɤɚɧɚɬ.
5. ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ (ɤɨɪɧɢ)? 8. Ɋɚɡɜɟɫɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɱɟɪɧɢɥɶɧɢɰɚ, ɫɜɟɪɯɭ, ɜɟɪɧɨ
6. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɯ ɦɨɪɮɟɦ? (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɱɚɫɬɥɢɜɟɰ, ɥɨɜɟɰ, ɩɟɜɟɰ, ɤɪɚɫɚɜɟɰ,
7. ȼ ɱɟɦ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɱɥɟɧɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜ? ɪɭɛɟɰ, ɩɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɠɟɰ.
8. Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɵ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɦɨɧɢɦɢɱɧɵɦɢ? 9. ɍɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɜɨɞɧɟɧɢɟ, ɢɫɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɫɧɨɜɚ, ɝɨɪɞɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ
9. Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɨɪɮɟɦ? ɢ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɝɨɪɧɢɫɬ, ɚɥɶɩɢɧɢɫɬ, ɲɨɜɢɧɢɫɬ, ɲɚɯɦɚɬɢɫɬ,
10.ɑɟɦ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɦɨɪɮɟɦ? ȼ ɱɟɦ ɢɯ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɩɢɚɧɢɫɬ.
ɚɥɥɨɦɨɪɮɨɜ? 10. ɂɡɨɛɪɚɡɢɬɶ, ɬɪɚɜɹɧɢɫɬɵɣ, ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɢɰɚ, ɧɚɥɟɜɨ, ɫɪɟɡɚɧɧɵɣ;
ɭɦɟɥɟɰ, ɫɬɪɟɥɟɰ, ɩɚɥɟɰ, ɜɥɚɞɟɥɟɰ, ɛɟɝɥɟɰ.
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ 1. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɧɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɫɥɨɜ, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ 11. ɋɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ, ɭɜɚɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɜɩɪɢɩɪɵɠɤɭ, ɫɢɞɹ; ɦɭɱɢɬɟɥɶ,
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɢɯ ɦɨɪɮɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. ɫɩɚɫɢɬɟɥɶ, ɦɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ, ɚɩɪɟɥɶ, ɜɥɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ.
12. ɋɬɨɥɩɢɬɶɫɹ, ɫɭɞɨɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ, ɭɞɢɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ, ɫɩɪɨɫɨɧɨɤ,
1. ɍɫɬɚɥɨɫɬɶ, ɦɨɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ, ɩɨ-ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦɭ, ɬɢɯɨ (ɧɚɪɟɱɢɟ, ɤɪɚɬɤɨɟ
ɜɵɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɣ; ɫɨɝɥɚɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ,
ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ); ɫɧɟɠɢɧɤɚ, ɝɨɪɨɲɢɧɤɚ, ɨɫɢɧɤɚ, ɥɢɱɢɧɤɚ, ɫɤɨɬɢɧɤɚ.
ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɭɱɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ.
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