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50
Circular thickness is the thickness of the tooth on the pitch circle in the
plane of rotation, or the length of arc between the two sides of a gear tooth
measured on the pitch circle.
Clearance is the radial distance between the top of a tooth and the bottom
of a mating tooth space, or the amount by which the dedendum in a given
gear exceeds the addendum of its mating gear.
Contact diameter is the smallest diameter on a gear tooth with which the
mating gear makes contact.
Contact ratio is the ratio of the arc of action in the plane of rotation to the
circular pitch, and is sometimes thought of as the average number of teeth in
contact. This ratio is obtained most directly as the ratio of the length of action
to the base pitch.
Contact ratio – face is the ratio of the face advance to the circular pitch in
helical gears.
Contact ratio – total is the ratio of the sum of the arc of action and the face
advance to the circular pitch.
Contact stress is the maximum compressive stress within the contact area
between mating gear tooth profiles. Also called the Hertz stress.
Cycloid is the curve formed by the path of a point on a circle as it rolls
along a straight line. When such a circle rolls along the outside of another
circle the curve is called an epicycloid, and when it rolls along the inside of
another circle it is called a hypocycloid. These curves are used in defining the
former American Standard composite Tooth Form.
Dedendum is the radial or perpendicular distance between the pitch circle
and the bottom of the tooth space.
Diametral pitch is the ratio of the number of teeth to the number of inches
in the pitch diameter in the plane of rotation, or the number of gear teeth to
each inch of pitch diameter.
Normal diametral pitch is the diametral pitch as calculated in the normal
plane, or the diametral pitch divided by the cosine of the helix angle.
Efficiency is the torque ratio of a gear set divided by its gear ratio.
Equivalent pitch radius is the radius of curvature of the pitch surface at the
pitch point in a plane normal to the pitch line element.
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