Культурология. Горелова А.В - 10 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

СГАУ | Самара

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

In 1881 Van Gogh started to study art, but remained in а somewhat
provincial Dutch tradition, out of touch with the colouristic discoveries of
Impressionism. In 1886 he came to Paris for а two-year stay with his brother
Theo, and under the influence of Impressionism and Japanese prints freed his
palette and worked out а fresh, new, highly original sense of pattern in contour.
Having shown signs of depression and emotional instability, he left the north
early in 1888, hoping to find а happier existence in Arles, in Provence. During
the next two years, he painted at white heat — often а canvas а day — his series
of masterpieces in а style unprecedented in European art. Не was fascinated by
the beauty of the landscape, by the southern light, absolutely different from that
of northern France with its mists and rain. Не noted that the intense sunlight
соuld drive а man mad. An excellent example of his brief period of happiness is
his A View of Lа Craw, painted in June 1888, with its almost Renaissance
perspective of fields and farms, а surprising revival of the principles that had
been swept aside by the Impressionists and Gauguin. To Van Gogh space
construction became an expressive device, moving the observer forcefully
toward the distant mountains. The whole picture is coloured in red-gold and blue
that were his own colours. The thick pigment, blazing colour, and strong,
straight strokes are Van Gogh’s personal transformation of Impressionist
technique. The happy period did not last long. In September 1888 Van Gogh
painted the first of his disturbing pictures, The Night Cafe. The perspective is so
strongly exaggerated here that it seems to catapult the observer into the end wall,
in which the red-and-green contrast is insoluble.
In late December of the same year Van Gogh threw with violence а knife
at Gauguin and then cut off his own ear. Van Gogh was cared for at first in the
hospital at Arles, and then in the asylum at nearby Saint-Remy. He was allowed
to paint and produced beautiful and moving works. Van Gogh’s Self-роrtrait,
painted in the asylum in September 1889, reveals the period of desperation
through which the artist had passed. The brush strokes are now curved and
vibrate throughout the picture. In а mood of renewed confidence, the artist has
endowed the painting with his own physical colouring: his ivory face, gold hair,
red-gold beard float in tides of deep blue, the colour of the artist’s eyes. Only in
Rembrandt’s self-portraits it is possible to find such intense self-revelation.
In the fields near the asylum, by day and at night, Van Gogh drew and
painted the wonders of the earth and sky. These pictures communicate а mood
of self-identification, which is the mark of religious ecstasy in Van Gogh. The
Starry Night, painted in June 1889, shows not only the stars Van Gogh observed
but also exploding masses of gold fire, expanding against the blue. Two of these
swirl through the sky in а kind of cosmic embrace, unimagined by the sleeping
town below.
In Мау 1890 Van Gogh went to Paris for а three-day stay with his
brother, then to Auvers where Dr. Paul Gachet took саrе of him. Despairing of
9

Страницы