Культурология. Горелова А.В - 15 стр.

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1.5. Gainsborough
(1727 — 1788)
The most accomplished and the most influential English painter of the
eighteenth century was Thomas Gainsborough. Until 1774 Gainsborough
painted landscapes and portraits in various provincial centres before settling in
London for the last fourteen years of his life. Although the elegant attenuation of
his lords and ladies is indebted to his study of Van Dyck, Gainsborough
achieved in his full-length portraits а freshness and lyric grace all his own.
Occasional objections to the lack of structure in his weightless figures are swept
away by the beauty of his colour and the delicacy of his touch. The figure in
Mary Countess Howe, painted in the mid-1760s, is exquisitely posed in front of
а landscape background. Gainsborough has expended his ability on the soft
shimmer of light over the embroidered organdy of her over-dress and cascades
of lace at her elbows, sparkling in the soft English air; the only solid accents in
the picture are her penetrating eyes. Although Gainsborough was country-born,
his landscape elements seem artificial, added like bits of scenery to establish а
spatial environment for the exquisite play of colour in the figure.
In later life Gainsborough painted more freely and openly. Although his
landscapes, which he preferred to his portraits, exhale а typically English
freshness, they were painted in the studio on the basis of small models put
together from moss and pebbles. Constructed in the grand manner of Hobbema,
а seventeenth-century Dutch master, and painted with soft strokes of wash like
those of Watteau, the Market Cart of 1787 shows an almost rhapsodic
abandonment to the mood of nature, which led to the great English landscapists
of the early nineteenth century.
Constable said that Gainsborough's landscape moved him to tears, and
contemplating the freedom and beauty of the painting of the cart and а bоу
gathering brushwood, not to speak of the glow of light seeming to come from
within the tree in the centre, one can understand why.
Make sure you know how to pronounce the following words:
Thomas Gainsborough [‘tom∂s ‘geinzb∂r∂]
Van Dyck [væn ‘daik]
embroidered [imb’roid∂d]
abandonment [∂’bænd∂nm∂nt]
rhapsodic [ræp’sodic]
organdy [‘o:g∂ndi]
Howe [hju:]
aristocracy [æri’stokr∂si]
Hobbema [‘hobim∂]
Watteau [‘wot∂u]
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