Культурология. Горелова А.В - 58 стр.

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The youngest of six children of Patrick and Marie Bronte, Anne was
taught in the family’s Haworth home, chiefly by her sister Charlotte.
In 1846 Anne contributed 21 poems to Poems by Currer, Elis and Acton
Bell, a joint works with her sisters Charlotte and Emily. Her first novel, Agnes
Grey, was published together with Emily’s Withering Heights in December
1847. The reception to these volumes, associated in the public mind with the
immense popularity of Charlotte’s Jane Eyre (October 1847), led to quick
publication of Anne’s second novel, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, published in
three volumes in Jane 1848; it sold well. She fell ill with tuberculosis toward the
end of the year and died the following May.
Anne is commonly described as gentle and pious. In chaste and shapely
verse she examines her thoughts and feelings in the light of moral and religious
truth. Her novel Agnes Grey, probably begun at Thorpe Green, records with
limpidity and some humor the life a governess. George Moore called it “simple
and beautiful as a muslin dress.” The Tenant of Wildfell Hall presents an
unsoftened picture of a young man’s debauchery and degradation and sets
against it her belief, opposed to Calvinist predestination, that no soul shall be
ultimately lost. Her outspokenness raised some scandal, and Charlotte deplored
the subject as morbid and out of keeping with her sister nature, but the vigorous
writing indicates that Anne found in it not only a moral obligation but also an
opportunity of artistic development.
Bibliography. The chief works focusing on Anne Bronte herself are Ada
Herrison and Derek Stanford, Anne Bronte: Her Life and Work (1959), and
Winifred Gerin, Anne Bronte (1959).
Bronte, Charlotte, pseudonym Currer Bell (b. April 21, 1816, Thornton,
Yorkshire), English novelist, noted for Jane Eyre (1847), a strong narrative of a
woman in conflict with her natural desires and social condition. The novel gave
new truthfulness to Victorian fiction. She later wrote Shirley (1849) and Villette
(1853).
In the autumn of 1845 Charlotte came across some poems by Emily, and
this led to the publication of a joint volume of Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton
Bell (1846), or Charlotte, Emily, and Anne; the pseudonyms were assumed to
preserve secrecy and avoid the special treatment that they believed reviewers
accorded to women. The book was issued at their own expense. It received few
reviews and only two copies were sold. Nevertheless, a way had opened to them,
and they were already trying to place The Professor: A Tale but had, however,
nearly finished Jane Eyre: An Autobiography, begun in August 1846 in
Manchester. Jane Eyre was accepted, published less than eight weeks later (on
Oct.16, 1847), and had an immediate success, far greater than of the books that
her sisters published the same year.
The months that followed were tragic ones. Emily died in December, and
Anne in May 1849. Charlotte completed Shirley: A Tale in May 1849 in the
empty parsonage, and it appeared in October. In 1851, she had declined a third
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