Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 110 стр.

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110
Information is stored on the computers which are called "servers".
Servers connected to each other form "local networks" and the networks
connected together form the "inter-network" or Internet. The "client" is a
computer that allows user access to information services over the network.
Hardware Requirements
The hardware requirements for accessing the Internet are:
► PC
► Modem
► Internet service account
► Telephone line
The standard PC, costing typically £1000, is suitable for connecting to
the Internet but a modem will be required; the modem is a device which
allows a computer to transmit and receive data via the telephone. Modems
are increasingly being fitted to the PC as a standard feature but it is
recommended that for efficient communication, the modem should be
capable of a data exchange rate of at least 33.6kbs.
Electronic post or e-mail
Electronic or e-mail is widely used as the user can send and receive
messages from anyone in the world who has an Internet compatible e-mail
address e.g. wlucas@twi.co.uk. The advantages of the e-mail are that the
messages cost no more than a local telephone call and are stored on the
recipient's computer until he is ready to look at his mail. E-mail is a useful
means of communication for engineers in that, in addition to messages,
documents, software and video images can be transmitted.
World Wide Web (WWW)
The Internet is a physical network on which the information travels
but the "World Wide Web" or WWW is a collection of protocols (rules) and
standards used to access the information available on the Internet. Each
Web site has a unique address e.g. Esab Europe's address is
http://www.esab.se. Each document on the web site also has its own address
termed Uniform Resource Locator (URL). For example, http://www
twi.co.uk/bestprac is the URL of the document which contains technical
information from on best practice for welding "Job Knowledge for Welders";
"http" tells the browser that it is a hypertext file (Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol), and http://www.twi. co.uk is the server on which the web page is
located.
The point-and-click user interface is similar to more conventional
windows based PC programs. The protocol tells the user's computer how to

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