Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 149 стр.

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149
heating and cooling, and the time the metal is held at heat depend upon
the composition, shape, and size of the steel product being treated, and
the purpose of the treatment. The more important purposes for which
steel is annealed are as follows: to remove stresses; to induce softness;
to alter ductility, toughness, electric, magnetic, or other physical and
mechanical properties; to change the crystalline structure; to remove
gases; and to produce a definite microstructure.
ARC BLOW:
The deflection of an electric arc from its normal path because of
magnetic forces.
ARC BRAZING:
A brazing process wherein the heat is obtained from an electric arc
formed between the base metal and an electrode, or between two
electrodes.
ARC CUTTING:
A group of cutting processes in which the cutting of metals is
accomplished by melting with the heat of an arc between the electrode
and the base metal. See CARBON-ARC CUTTING, METAL-ARC
CUTTING, ARC-OXYGEN CUTTING, AND AIR-ARC CUTTING.
ARC LENGTH:
The distance between the tip of the electrode and the weld puddle.
ARC-OXYGEN CUTTING:
An oxygen-cutting process used to sever metals by a chemical reaction
of oxygen with a base metal at elevated temperatures.
ARC VOLTAGE:
The voltage across the welding arc.
ARC WELDING:
A group of welding processes in which fusion is obtained by heating
with an electric arc or arcs, with or without the use of filler metal.
AS WELDED:
The condition of weld metal, welded joints, and weldments after
welding and prior to any subsequent thermal, mechanical, or chemical
treatments.
ATOMIC HYDROGEN WELDING:
An arc welding process in which fusion is obtained by heating with an
arc maintained between two metal electrodes in an atmosphere of
hydrogen. Pressure and/or filler metal may or may not be used.
AUSTENITE:
The non-magnetic form of iron characterized by a face-centered cubic
lattice crystal structure. It is produced by heating steel above the upper

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