Английский для сварщиков. Гричин С.В. - 59 стр.

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59
Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a high-productivity welding method
in which the arc is struck beneath a covering layer of flux. This increases arc
quality, since contaminants in the atmosphere are blocked by the flux. The
slag that forms on the weld generally comes off by itself, and combined with
the use of a continuous wire feed, the weld deposition rate is high. Working
conditions are much improved over other arc welding processes, since the
flux hides the arc and no smoke is produced. The process is commonly used
in industry, especially for large products.
Non-consumable electrode methods
Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), or
tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is a
manual welding process that uses a non-
consumable electrode made of tungsten,
an inert or semi-inert gas mixture, and a
separate filler material. Especially useful
for welding thin materials, this method
is characterized by a stable arc and high
quality welds, but it requires significant
operator skill and can only be
accomplished at relatively low speeds. It can be used on nearly all weldable
metals, though it is most often applied to stainless steel and light metals. It is
often used when quality welds are extremely important, such as in bicycle,
aircraft and naval applications. A related process, plasma arc welding, also
uses a tungsten electrode but uses plasma gas to make the arc. The arc is
more concentrated than the GTAW arc, making transverse control more
critical and thus generally restricting the technique to a mechanized process.
Because of its stable current, the method can be used on a wider range of
material thicknesses than can the GTAW process, and furthermore, it is much
faster. It can be applied to all of the same materials as GTAW except
magnesium, and automated welding of stainless steel is one important
application of the process. A variation of the process is plasma cutting, an
efficient steel cutting process. Other arc welding processes include atomic
hydrogen welding, carbon arc welding, electroslag welding, electrogas
welding, and stud arc welding.
Gas tungsten arc welding

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