Английский язык для инженеров сварочного производства. Гричин С.В - 36 стр.

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36
2 LNG Tankers
A triumph of the code was the huge
aluminum spheres built by General
Dynamics in Charleston, S.C. They were
built to criteria established by the U.S.
Coast Guard and were based on Section
VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Code.
At about 2 a.m. on October 2, 1976,
the first welded aluminum sphere for a
liquefied natural gas tanker was rolled out
of a building in Charleston, then moved
over to a special stand for final
hydropneumatic testing.
It soon passed the test with flying colors.The sphere itself weighed 850
tons and measured 120 ft (36 m) in diameter. Each sphere consisted of more
than 100 precisely machined plates, "orange peel" in shape. The plates were
gas metal arc welded together using 7036 lb (3166 kg) of filler metal. Total
length of the welds on each sphere was 48.6 miles. Completed spheres were
barged along the coast and delivered onto steel tankers under construction at
General Dynamics' shipyard in Quincy, Mass. This type of LNG tanker was
based on the Moss-Rosenberg design from Norway.
At General Dynamics' facility in Charleston, 80% of the metalworking
manhours were spent welding. Much of the filler metal deposited in
Charleston was 5183 aluminum. The vertical joints were welded using
special equipment from Switzerland in which the operator rode in a custom-
designed chair alongside the welding arc. At this distance, he was able to
monitor the weld and observe the oscillation of the 1Z.5 -mm diameter filler
metal. Actual welding was controlled remotely. About 30 weld passes were
required for each joint.
The massive equatorial ring was
welded outdoors. In this setup, nine
heavily machined, curved aluminum
extrusions had to be welded together.
To do it, 88 GMA weld passes were
made from the outside and 60 more
from the inside.
3 The Alaska Pipeline
Perhaps no single welding event in history ever received so much
attention as did the Alaska Pipeline. Crews of seasoned welders braved
Alaska's frigid terrain to weld this large-diameter pipeline, from start to

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