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Cyril and Methodius, and the Germans Saint Boniface. The missionaries to the area get their
own – Saint Therese of Lisieux.
The cathedral is made from regional materials: for example, travertine from Mankato, and
granite from Saint Cloud. Of particular interest are the stunning rose windows, which, though
recessed, still offer inspiring viewing in the right light.
• 1987 – The single bell the cathedral was originally constructed with was replaced by five
louder bronze bells from France.
• 2001 – The Cathedral undergoes a major renovation.
TIME WARNER CENTER
Orientation is everything when it comes to this building. Its two towers are massed at the
rear of the complex, with a lower structure known as the "podium" in front that engages the
street-level observer and directs his gaze upward. The combination gives the illusion of a
mountain.
At the same time, the towers mass is felt by the observer because of their angles, embracing
the viewer allowing them to become overwhelmed by the building's presence. The
construction of such a huge complex was necessitated by what was the largest media merger
of its time.
By the late 1990's, America Online had shed its Quantum Link heritage and become the
leading Internet provider in the United States. It leveraged its power to buy the Time Warner
media company, known for its magazines, cable television stations, and movies. At the time it
was heralded as the wave of the future, and the logical place to consolidate all that power was
New York City.
Times Square was already undergoing a massive revitalization, so AOL needed another
place to stake its claim. It chose Columbus Circle, which had become run down, but not so no-
torious as Times Square. The AOL Time Warner Center was intended to spark the rebirth of the
area, the way the Renaissance Center helped downtown Detroit.
To make that happen, the area needed a critical mass of businesses. So the complex in-
cludes a luxury hotel, luxury condominiums, shops, restaurants, and a concert hall. Following
the lead of broadcast television networks NBC, and CBS, AOL Time Warner's cable network
CNN built a studio at street level so people can see in and viewers at home can see out.
In a sense, this building represents the AOL Time Warner Company coming full-circle.
AOL got its start by transmitting games over telephone lines into Atari 2600 machines in the
1980's. The symbol of Atari was the Fuji. Now AOL has constructed a massive edifice with
similar properties as the Fuji that gave AOL its start.
• The complex is designed to allow cellular telephones to work anywhere, including inside
the elevators.
• There is a special communication system inside the complex that allows police and fire-
fighters to communicate in an emergency.
• The foundation of the complex is 434 feet deep.
• The north end of the podium is 315 feet tall (20 storeys).
• The south end of the podium is 349 feet tall (24 storeys).
• The complex incorporates One Central Park, a group of 198 luxury condominiums.
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