Английский язык. Ильичева Н.А - 21 стр.

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N: Do you mean to say that you got your car out all by yourself?
K: Yes, but when I carefully looked around I saw a tree at the side of the track.
There was also a strong rope in the f) ……… . I g) ……… one end of the rope
to the back bumper of the car and the other end to the tree. Then I started
pushing at the h) ……… of the rope with my i) ……… effort.
N: But your maximum effort couldn’t be very strong. It couldn’t j) ……… a
force of 300 N.
K: The car began to budge with the rope at an angle which I estimate to be 5°. If
you do the calculations, you will see that I was able to k) ………. my effort
almost six times using the technique.

Grammar in Use

               Present Perfect      Present Perfect Continuous
                 (I have done)         (I have been doing)

16. Fill in the gaps with for or since.
1. Chemists have …….. a long time tried to duplicate the compounds.
2. People have known Einstein’s equation, which relates mass to energy …….
   1905.
3. He has been conducting the experiment ……. last year.
4. Jane has been my friend …….. many years.
5. The car has been moving with a constant speed ……. about an hour.
6. The children have been swinging ……. ten minutes.
7. I have been waiting for you ……. 10 o’clock.
8. It has been raining …….. hours. I wish it would stop.
9. ………. I moved to York, I have been much happier.
10. Humans have consumed alcohol ……. the beginning of civilization.

17. Rephrase the following sentences.
1. I have never tasted muesli before. It’s the first time I’ve tasted muesli.
2. I have never seen such a boring film. It’s the first time …….. .
3. He has never been to New York before. It’s …….. .
4. She has never had such a delicious meal. It’s …….. .
5. She has never flown before. It’s …….. .
6. She has never read Tolstoy before. It’s ……… .
7. They have never played cricket before. It’s …….. .
8. She has never heard such a funny story before. It’s ……… .

18. Expand the sentences as in the model.
1. Mrs. Pears is sunbathing (since 10 o’clock).
   She has been sunbathing since 10 o’clock.
2. Tom and Jerry are swimming (for half an hour).