Английский язык. Ч. 1. Ильичева Н.А - 11 стр.

                                          11
                                Test 4 (Unit 4)
                         Temperature and Thermometers

      A. Reading.
      You are to read the text about temperatures and thermometers. Five sen-
tences have been removed from it. Choose from the sentences (A-E) the one
which fits each gap (1-5).

      A. Although metals also expand with temperature, the change in length of a
metal rod is generally too small to measure accurately for ordinary changes in tem-
perature.
      B. Most common thermometers rely on the expansion of a material with an in-
crease in temperature.
      C. Often it is in the form as a coil, one end of which is fixed while the other is
attached to a pointer.
      D.An iron beam is longer when hot than when cold.
      E. At higher temperatures, solids such as iron glow orange or even white.

        In everyday life, temperature is a measure of how hot or cold an object is. A
hot oven is said to have a high temperature, whereas the ice of a frozen lake is said to
have a low temperature.
        Many properties of matter change with temperature. For example, most materi-
als expand when heated. 1. . Concrete roads and sidewalks expand and contract
slightly according to temperature, which is why compressible spacers or expansion
joints are placed at regular intervals. The electrical resistance of matter changes with
temperature. So too does the colour radiated by objects. 2. .
        Instruments designed to measure temperature are called thermometers. There
are many kinds of thermometers, but their operation always depends on some prop-
erty of matter that changes with temperature. 3. .
        In the common liquid-in-glass thermometer, the liquid expands more than the
glass when the temperature is increased, so the liquid level rises in the tube. 4. .
However, a useful thermometer can be made by bonding together two dissimilar met-
als whose rates of expansion are different. When the temperature is increased, the dif-
ferent amounts of expansion cause the bimetallic strip to bend. 5. . This kind of
thermometer is used as ordinary air thermometers, oven thermometers, automatic-off
switch in electric coffeepots. Very precise thermometers make use of electrical prop-
erties, resistance thermometers, thermocouple and thermistors.

       B. Choose the correct item.
       1. Every temperature on the Celsius scale…………a particular temperature on
the Fahrenheit scale. (coincides with, corresponds to, complements)
       2. Humans have temperature perception in the sense of ( sight, smell, touch,
taste)
       3. Different materials do not…………in quite the same way over a wide tem-
perature range. (increase, expand, enlarge)