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close relative / relation (= someone who is closely related to you)
distant relative / relation (= someone who is not closely related to you): We
have some distant relations in Australia who we’ve never met.
be a relative / relation of smb: She is a relative of the Queen, you know.
Note:
Use relatives and relations to talk about members of your family who do
not live with you in the same house. The people you live with (your parents,
sisters etc) are your
family, not your relatives and relations.
4. To belong to the same family as someone:
be related – if two people are related, they are both members of the same family. Use
this about cousins, grandparents etc., but not about your parents or your brothers and
sisters. “I didn’t know you and Ted were related.” “Yes, Ted’s wife is my sister.”
to be related + to – John told me he was related to Mel Gibson – is it true?
to be descended from smb – to be related to someone who lived a long time ago,
especially someone famous or important: She is descended from the Duke of
Marlborough.
5. People who are related to you because of marriage:
mother-in-law / son-in-law etc [n C]- someone who is related to you because
someone in your family is married to them; for example, your m
other-in-law is
the mother of your wife or your husband, and your
sister-in-law is the sister of
your wife or husband. Plural: mothers-in-law, sons-in-law etc.
stepmother / stepson etc [n C] stepmother / stepfather / stepsister / stepbrother /
stepson / stepdaughter- someone who becomes your mother, sister, son etc. when
you or a person you are related to marries for a second time: My father married
Jenny, who already has a daughter, so now I have a stepmother and stepsister.
half-brother / half-sister [n C]- if one of your parents marries a second time and
has a child, that child is you h
alf-brother or half-sister.
by marriage - if you are related to someone by marriage, they are married to
someone in your family or you are married to someone in their family: John’s
my cousin by marriage. (= he is the cousin of my wife or husband).
in-laws [n plural] (informal)- the parents of your husband or wife: We lived
with my in-laws until we had enough money to buy a house of our own.
6. People who were in the same family as you a long time ago:
ancestor [n C]- a member of your family who lived a long time ago, especially
hundreds of years ago: My ancestors originally came from Ireland. Tom’s
interested in finding out more about his ancestors.
family [n C]- people that you are related to who lived many years ago: Her
family came to America from Scotland in about 1750.
descendant [n C]- someone who is a relative of a person who lived and died a
long time ago, especially a famous or important person.
descendant + of: a descendant of King Charles I.
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