Английский язык. Жесткова М.В - 46 стр.

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46
7) They have been offered ₤350 for their old car, but its price is much higher. [Who…? How
much…?]
8) For some period of time one underground railway line in London
was working entirely
without drivers. [Where…?]
9) Twenty seven British scientists have gained Nobel awards since 1945. [What…?]
10) The pipe is leaking at the joint
. [Where…?]
11) The two-speed escalators are being installed at new Metro stations
. [Where…?]
12) According to the terms of the contract the equipment will be paid for on delivery
.
[When…?]
13) The service life of steel sleepers lasts from 35 to 60 years. [How long…?]
14) The windows in this car are made of unbreakable
glass. [What…?]
15) On the bus he was sitting right in front of me
. [Where…?]
16) The first motor car drivers had to carry large cans of fuel as there were no filling stations at
that time. [Why…?]
Ex.24. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to different tense forms and voice
of the predicates.
1) После реконструкции линии скорость поездов будет увеличена. 2) Ты обычно покупаешь
билеты заранее или в день отъезда? – Это зависит от обстоятельств (circumstances). 3) Когда
отправляется поезд в Бостон? – Один поезд только что ушёл, а следующий будет через два
часа. 4) Поезд проходит расстояние от Москвы до Самары за 20 часов. 5) Вы не можете взять
сейчас магнитофон, так как он сломался, и его ремонтируют. 6) Проводник вышел из вагона и
пригласил пассажиров занять свои места. 7) Когда мы пришли на станцию, все билеты
были уже проданы. 8) Машины медленно двигались по горной дороге. 9) Главный инженер
сказал, что наш проект обсуждали долгое время, но, в конце концов (eventually), он был принят.
10) Паровой двигатель был изобретён в 18 веке.
TEXT A
Read and translate the text using a dictionary if necessary.
FROM THE HISTORY OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Part 1
The word ‘transport’ (or ‘transportation’) means to carry people or goods from place to place.
Henry Ford, the American motor-car manufacturer, said that “transportation is civilization”.
The history of transport is divided into two stages. The first stage is that in which all modes of
transport depended directly on the power of men or animals, or on natural forces such as wind and
current. The second stage began with the development of the steam engine. Do you know who
invented it? It is sometimes said that James Watt got the idea for a steam engine while still a boy,
watching steam lift the lid of his mother's tea kettle. The truth is that James Watt did not invent the
steam engine; however, he made major improvements on the inefficient steam engine patented in
1705 by Thomas Newcomen, John Cawley, and Thomas Savery. James Watt installed his engine in
a machine which was used at a large coal mine for pumping out the water. Soon this invention was
widely used at nearly every large enterprise. The revolution in industry made by this machine was
extremely great.
One of the first attempts to put a steam engine on wheels was made by Richard Trevithick, a
British mining engineer. In 1804 he demonstrated the first successful railroad steam locomotive. His
engine pulled a short train of cars uphill on a coal-mine railway in Wales. In the years after
Trevithick’s locomotive, several others were built for use on various British coal-mine railways.
The world’s first common carrier railroad
1
to use steam power was the Stockton-Darlington
railway in England. It was designed and built by George Stephenson and opened for public service

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