Опорно-двигательный аппарат. Калмин О.В. - 42 стр.

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Îïîðíî-äâèãàòåëüíûé àïïàðàò
ÎÃËÀÂËÅÍÈÅ
ÏËÀÍ ÎÒÂÅÒÀ ÍÀ ÂÎÏÐÎÑ ÍÀ ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÜÍÎÌ ÇÀÍßÒÈÈ
È ÝÊÇÀÌÅÍÅ ........................................................................................... 3
ÎÑÒÅÎËÎÃÈß ......................................................................................... 4
Îñíîâû àíàòîìè÷åñêîé òåðìèíîëîãèè. Îñè è ïëîñêîñòè â àíàòîìèè.
Ñòðîåíèå êîñòåé. Ñòðîåíèå òèïè÷íîãî ïîçâîíêà. ......................................... 4
Øåéíûå, ãðóäíûå, ïîÿñíè÷íûå ïîçâîíêè. ..................................................... 5
Êðåñòåö è êîï÷èê. Ãðóäèíà è ðåáðà. ............................................................... 6
Êîñòè âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè: ëîïàòêà, êëþ÷èöà, ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü. .................. 8
Êîñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ è êèñòè. ............................................................................... 9
Êîñòè íèæíåé êîíå÷íîñòè: òàçîâàÿ êîñòü, áåäðåííàÿ êîñòü. ..................... 10
Êîñòè ãîëåíè è ñòîïû. .................................................................................... 11
ÀÐÒÐÎËÎÃÈß ........................................................................................ 13
Îáùàÿ àðòðîëîãèÿ. Âèäû ñîåäèíåíèé êîñòåé. Ñòðîåíèå è êëàññèôèêàöèÿ
ñóñòàâîâ. ........................................................................................................... 13
Ñîåäèíåíèÿ ïîçâîíêîâ. Ïîçâîíî÷íûé ñòîëá â öåëîì. Ñîåäèíåíèÿ
ïîçâîíî÷íîãî ñòîëáà ñ ÷åðåïîì. ................................................................... 14
Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé òóëîâèùà. Ãðóäíàÿ êëåòêà â öåëîì. ............................. 16
Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ïîÿñà âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè. Ïëå÷åâîé è ëîêòåâîé
ñóñòàâû. ............................................................................................................ 17
Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ïðåäïëå÷üÿ. Ëó÷åçàïÿñòíûé ñóñòàâ. Ñóñòàâû êèñòè. 18
Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé òàçà. Òàç â öåëîì. Òàçîáåäðåííûé ñóñòàâ................... 19
Êîëåííûé ñóñòàâ. Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ãîëåíè. Ãîëåíîñòîïíûé ñóñòàâ.
Ñóñòàâû ñòîïû. ................................................................................................ 20
ÊÐÀÍÈÎËÎÃÈß .................................................................................... 24
Îáùèé îáçîð ÷åðåïà. Çàòûëî÷íàÿ, òåìåííàÿ, ëîáíàÿ êîñòè. ..................... 24
Êëèíîâèäíàÿ è ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòè. ................................................................ 25
Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü. ............................................................................................... 26
Êîñòè ëèöåâîãî îòäåëà ÷åðåïà. ...................................................................... 27
×åðåï â öåëîì. Ñâîä è îñíîâàíèå ÷åðåïà. Ãëàçíèöà, êðûëîâèäíî-íåáíàÿ,
âèñî÷íàÿ è ïîäâèñî÷íàÿ ÿìêè. ...................................................................... 28
Êîñòíàÿ îñíîâà ïîëîñòè íîñà è ïîëîñòè ðòà. ×åðåï íîâîðîæäåííîãî.
Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ÷åðåïà. Âèñî÷íî-íèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ñóñòàâ. ................ 29
Îïîðíî-äâèãàòåëüíûé àïïàðàò

                                           ÎÃËÀÂËÅÍÈÅ

ÏËÀÍ ÎÒÂÅÒÀ ÍÀ ÂÎÏÐÎÑ ÍÀ ÊÎÍÒÐÎËÜÍÎÌ ÇÀÍßÒÈÈ
È ÝÊÇÀÌÅÍÅ ........................................................................................... 3
ÎÑÒÅÎËÎÃÈß ......................................................................................... 4
     Îñíîâû àíàòîìè÷åñêîé òåðìèíîëîãèè. Îñè è ïëîñêîñòè â àíàòîìèè.
     Ñòðîåíèå êîñòåé. Ñòðîåíèå òèïè÷íîãî ïîçâîíêà. ......................................... 4
     Øåéíûå, ãðóäíûå, ïîÿñíè÷íûå ïîçâîíêè. ..................................................... 5
     Êðåñòåö è êîï÷èê. Ãðóäèíà è ðåáðà. ............................................................... 6
     Êîñòè âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè: ëîïàòêà, êëþ÷èöà, ïëå÷åâàÿ êîñòü. .................. 8
     Êîñòè ïðåäïëå÷üÿ è êèñòè. ............................................................................... 9
     Êîñòè íèæíåé êîíå÷íîñòè: òàçîâàÿ êîñòü, áåäðåííàÿ êîñòü. ..................... 10
     Êîñòè ãîëåíè è ñòîïû. .................................................................................... 11

ÀÐÒÐÎËÎÃÈß ........................................................................................ 13
     Îáùàÿ àðòðîëîãèÿ. Âèäû ñîåäèíåíèé êîñòåé. Ñòðîåíèå è êëàññèôèêàöèÿ
     ñóñòàâîâ. ........................................................................................................... 13
     Ñîåäèíåíèÿ ïîçâîíêîâ. Ïîçâîíî÷íûé ñòîëá â öåëîì. Ñîåäèíåíèÿ
     ïîçâîíî÷íîãî ñòîëáà ñ ÷åðåïîì. ................................................................... 14
     Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé òóëîâèùà. Ãðóäíàÿ êëåòêà â öåëîì. ............................. 16
     Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ïîÿñà âåðõíåé êîíå÷íîñòè. Ïëå÷åâîé è ëîêòåâîé
     ñóñòàâû. ............................................................................................................ 17
     Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ïðåäïëå÷üÿ. Ëó÷åçàïÿñòíûé ñóñòàâ. Ñóñòàâû êèñòè. 18
     Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé òàçà. Òàç â öåëîì. Òàçîáåäðåííûé ñóñòàâ................... 19
     Êîëåííûé ñóñòàâ. Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ãîëåíè. Ãîëåíîñòîïíûé ñóñòàâ.
     Ñóñòàâû ñòîïû. ................................................................................................ 20

ÊÐÀÍÈÎËÎÃÈß .................................................................................... 24
     Îáùèé îáçîð ÷åðåïà. Çàòûëî÷íàÿ, òåìåííàÿ, ëîáíàÿ êîñòè. ..................... 24
     Êëèíîâèäíàÿ è ðåøåò÷àòàÿ êîñòè. ................................................................ 25
     Âèñî÷íàÿ êîñòü. ............................................................................................... 26
     Êîñòè ëèöåâîãî îòäåëà ÷åðåïà. ...................................................................... 27
     ×åðåï â öåëîì. Ñâîä è îñíîâàíèå ÷åðåïà. Ãëàçíèöà, êðûëîâèäíî-íåáíàÿ,
     âèñî÷íàÿ è ïîäâèñî÷íàÿ ÿìêè. ...................................................................... 28
     Êîñòíàÿ îñíîâà ïîëîñòè íîñà è ïîëîñòè ðòà. ×åðåï íîâîðîæäåííîãî.
     Ñîåäèíåíèÿ êîñòåé ÷åðåïà. Âèñî÷íî-íèæíå÷åëþñòíîé ñóñòàâ. ................ 29




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