Формирование внешнеполитических доктрин США. Кирчанов М.В. - 55 стр.

ɡɚɫɬɨɣɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɥɢɬɵ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ
ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ.
     ɋɚɦɨɟ ɹɪɤɨɟ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɪɟɠɢɦ ȼ. ɉɭɬɢɧɚ, ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ
Ȼɠɟɡɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ
ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɧɵɯ, ɫɚɦɚ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ. Ȼɠɟɡɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɫɨ-
ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɧɟ ɫɬɨɥɢɰɵ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɚ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɤɨɪ-
ɪɭɦɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɛɸɪɨɤɪɚɬɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢ: «…Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ – ɩɪɢɸɬ ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ
ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɥɢɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɢɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɤ ɢɧɬɟ-
ɪɟɫɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. ɗɬɢ ɩɚɪɚɡɢɬɵ ɢɧɫɬɢɧɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ,
ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɨɣ ɫ 11 ɱɚɫɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɨɹɫɚɦɢ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨ-
ɬɨɱɟɧɨ ɜ ɪɭɤɚɯ ɞɚɥɟɤɢɯ ɦɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɯ ɛɸɪɨɤɪɚɬɨɜ. Ɇɨɧɨɩɨɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɜɥɚɫɬɶ ɦɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɷɥɢɬɵ ɞɭɲɢɬ ɥɸɛɭɸ ɦɟɫɬɧɭɸ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɬɢɜɭ ɢ ɧɟ ɞɚɟɬ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɚɥɚɧɬɵ ɢ ɪɟɫɭɪ-
ɫɵ…» 74 . ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɵɣ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛɦɚɧɱɢɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɰɜɟɬɚɧɢɸ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɧɨ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɣ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬ-
ɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ.
     ɇɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ, ɩɨ ɦɵɫɥɢ Ȼɠɟɡɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ, ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ Ɋɨɫ-
ɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɬɟɦɩɵ ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɫɬɚɸɬ ɨɬ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ
ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ. ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɢɦɟɧɧɨ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɦ
ɪɭɫɫɨɰɟɧɬɪɢɫɬɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ, ɱɬɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɫ-
ɥɨɠɧɹɟɬ ɢ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɧɚ-
ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɦɢ: «…ɧɚɜɹɡɱɢɜɚɹ ɢ ɷɝɨɰɟɧɬɪɢɱɧɚɹ ɦɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɷɥɢ-
ɬɚ ɫɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɸ. Ɉɧɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɥɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɉɭɬɢɧɚ, ɩɨ-
ɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦ ɷɬɨɣ ɷɥɢɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɞɨ ɫɢɯ
ɩɨɪ ɥɟɥɟɟɬ ɧɨɫɬɚɥɶɝɢɸ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɭ ɜɟɥɢɤɨɣ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɹ-
ɟɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɨɥɭɱɢɟ ɫ ɝɨɫɩɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɧɚɞ ɜɫɟɣ Ɋɨɫɫɢɟɣ ɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɩɨ
ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɚɞ ɛɵɜɲɢɦɢ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɦɢ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɦɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɷɥɢɬɵ ɧɟ-
ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ, Ƚɪɭɡɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɍɡɛɟɤɢɫɬɚɧɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɫ-
ɤɨɪɛɥɟɧɢɟɦ. Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɢɹ 20 ɦɥɧ ɧɟɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɟ - ɜɵɡɨɜ
ɟɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɜɢɥɟɝɢɹɦ…» 75 . Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ, ɩɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ȼɠɟɡɢɧ-
ɫɤɨɝɨ, ɫɚɦɵɦ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɹ
ɟɟ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɢ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟ-
ɬɢɣ ɧɚɡɚɞ.
     ȼɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɢ-
ɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ȼ. ɉɭɬɢɧɚ, ɞɚɟɬ Ɂ. Ȼɠɟɡɢɧɫɤɨɦɭ ɧɟɦɚɥɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɨ
ɪɟɫɬɚɜɪɚɰɢɢ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɚɥɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɨɛ ɭɝɪɨɡɟ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɛɵɜ-
ɲɢɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɦ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɦ: «…ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɝɟɨɩɨ-

74
     The Wall Street Journal. – 2004. – September, 21.
75
     Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ.
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