Формирование внешнеполитических доктрин США. Кирчанов М.В. - 65 стр.

ɱɬɨ ɪɚɫɱɢɫɬɢɬ ɋɆɂ, ɢ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɟɦɭ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɢɬɶ. Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɪɟɫ-
ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɧɰɟɦ, ɧɨ ɜɵɲɟɥ ɢɡ ɩɚɪɬɢɢ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɛɵɥ ɧɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɟɧ ɫ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɨɣ
ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɧɰɟɜ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɋɒȺ – ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɞɟɥɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ
ɜɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɦɢɪɟ. ɑɟɫɬɧɵɣ, ɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɧɵɣ ɢ ɭɦɧɵɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɩɪɨɢɝɪɚɥ ɧɚ ɜɵɛɨ-
ɪɚɯ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɟ ɩɚɪɬɢɢ ɢ ɋɆɂ ɟɝɨ ɬɨɩɢɥɢ ɢ ɧɟ ɞɚɜɚɥɢ ɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɚ…» 94 .
     Ⱦɚɠɟ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɚɹ ɢ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɚɹ «The International Herald Tribune» ɧɟ ɜɵ-
ɞɟɪɠɚɥɚ ɜɵɯɨɞɨɤ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɧɟ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ
ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨ. ȼ ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɟ 2006 ɝɨɞɚ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɉɚɬɪɢɤ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɛɵɥ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɹɦ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤ, ɩɨɯɨɠɢɣ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɚ «ɚɪɬɢɫɬɚ ɷɫɬɪɚ-
ɞɵ», ɧɟɠɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚ. ɉɨ ɦɵɫɥɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɹ, «ɯɨɪɨɲɨ
ɜɫɟɦ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɫɟɪɜɚɬɨɪ ɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ-ɬɨ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɵ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɫ
ɷɤɪɚɧɚ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɡɨɪɚ ɲɨɤɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɢ. Ɉɧ ɩɢɲɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɤɧɢɝɢ.
ɇɨ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨɪɨɣ ɨɧ ɜɵɞɜɢɝɚɟɬ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɢɞɟɢ». Ʉɧɢɝɢ ɠɟ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧɚ,
ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɤɪɢɬɢɤɨɜ, ɧɟ ɱɬɨ ɢɧɨɟ, ɤɚɤ «ɬɪɟɜɨɠ-
ɧɵɣ ɤɨɤɬɟɣɥɶ ɮɚɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɚɪɚɧɨɣɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɫ ɢɡɪɹɞɧɨɣ ɩɨɪɰɢɟɣ ɧɨɫɬɚɥɶɝɢɢ ɩɨ
1940-ɦ ɢ 1950-ɦ ɝɨɞɚɦ» 95 . ɑɬɨ ɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɢɞɟɢ ɉɚɬɪɢɤɚ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧɚ,
ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ.
     ɉɚɬɪɢɤ Ⱦɠɨɡɟɮ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɪɨɞɢɥɫɹ 2 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ 1938 ɝɨɞɚ ɜ ȼɚɲɢɧɝɬɨɧɟ,
ɨɤɪɭɝ Ʉɨɥɭɦɛɢɹ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɥ ɜ
Ⱦɠɨɪɠɬɚɭɧɫɤɢɣ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɥ ɟɝɨ ɜ 1961 ɝɨɞɭ ɫɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɹɦɢ ɩɨ
ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɦɭ ɹɡɵɤɭ ɢ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɢ. Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɭɱɢɥɫɹ ɢ ɜ ȼɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɟ
ɠɭɪɧɚɥɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ʉɨɥɭɦɛɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɜ ɇɶɸ-Ƀɨɪɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥ ɫɬɟ-
ɩɟɧɶ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜ 1962 ɝɨɞɭ. ɋ 1962 ɝɨɞɚ ɨɧ ɫɬɚɥ ɪɚ-
ɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɲɬɚɬɧɵɦ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɜ ɝɚɡɟɬɟ «St. Louis Globe Democrat». Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ –
ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥɢɫɬ ɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɡɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦ-
ɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪ. ȼ 2000 ɝɨɞɭ ɨɧ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ ɜ ɜɵɛɨɪɚɯ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ ɋɒȺ ɨɬ ɪɟ-
ɮɨɪɦɢɫɬɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɬɢɢ. Ⱦɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɧ ɩɵɬɚɥɫɹ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬɨɦ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɵ
ɨɬ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɬɢɢ. ɋ 1966 ɩɨ 1974 ɝɨɞ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɫɨɜɟɬɧɢɤɨɦ
ɢ ɫɩɢɱɪɚɣɬɟɪɨɦ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ Ɋɢɱɚɪɞɚ ɇɢɤɫɨɧɚ, ɚ ɫ 1985 ɩɨ 1987 ɝ. ɡɚɧɢɦɚɥ ɜ
Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ Ɋɟɣɝɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɩɨ
ɫɜɹɡɹɦ ɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ Ȼɟɥɨɝɨ Ⱦɨɦɚ.
     Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɤɨɦ Ɋɢɱɚɪɞɚ ɇɢɤɫɨɧɚ, ɫ 1966 ɩɨ 1974 ɝɨɞ ɛɵɥ
ɟɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɬɧɢɤɨɦ ɢ ɫɩɢɱɪɚɣɬɟɪɨɦ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɨɤɨɜ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɇɢɤɫɨɧɚ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɥ ɫɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɨɦ,
Ⱦɠɟɪɚɥɶɞɨɦ Ɏɨɪɞɨɦ, ɩɨɫɥɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɥ ɜ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ
ɋɆɂ. ȼ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɭ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɜɟɪɧɭɥɫɹ ɜ 1985 ɝɨɞɭ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɡɚɧɹɥ ɜ Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢ-
ɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ Ɋɨɧɚɥɞɚ Ɋɟɣɝɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɩɨ
ɫɜɹɡɹɦ ɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ Ȼɟɥɨɝɨ Ⱦɨɦɚ. ɂɦɟɧɧɨ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɥ ɪɟɱɶ
ɩɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚ Ɋɟɣɝɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɦɢɬɟ ɫ Ɇɢɯɚɢɥɨɦ Ƚɨɪɛɚɱɟɜɵɦ ɜ Ɋɟɣɤɶɹɜɢɤɟ ɜ
1986 ɝɨɞɭ. ȼ 1992 ɝɨɞɭ ɉɚɬɪɢɤ Ȼɶɸɤɟɧɟɧ ɩɪɢɧɹɥ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɜɵɛɨɪɚɯ ɤɚɤ

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     ɇɚɲɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɚ (Ⱥɪɝɟɧɬɢɧɚ). – 2002. – 24 ɚɜɝɭɫɬɚ.
95
     Xenophobia in Hardcover // The International Herald Tribune. – 2006. – September, 5.
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