Пища для ума. Коломейцева Е.М - 53 стр.

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53
its competitive advantage in a core business. Then, when the domestic market
in its core business is close to saturation, the firm will export to benefit from
economies of scale. At this point, we still are at the national strategy level.
Thirdly, to reduce transportation costs and to benefit from multi-location ad-
vantages, the firm will operate production centres in foreign countries. Finally,
the multi-national firm co-ordinates and standardises its processing and marketing
on numerous markets (Bertram et al., 1996).
Canada’s dairy processing industry seems to be at the first stage of the
firm development. Therefore, the lack of internationalisation would be partly
explained by the structural lag of the industry. Put differently, the search for
economies of scale through internationalisation or exports is not necessary
since important economies of scale are still possible at home. However, recent
events in the industry seem to suggest that the industry might be entering a new
stage of firm development.
T a s k S e v e n . Choose the correct beginning of the paragraphs in
the article:
A. Although
B. Moreover
C. However
D. Traditionally
E. The Canadian dairy policy
POSSIBLE IMPACT OF THE CANADIAN DAIRY POLICY
1. …, based on supply management, is oriented toward the domestic mar-
ket. Therefore, most of the early effort made by farmers and processors in the
system, were directed toward the domestic market, leaving little place to the
internationalisation of the industry.
2. …, co-operatives were commodity oriented, and the implementation of
supply management in the early seventies did not create much incentive to
change that situation. As mentioned earlier, the whole Canadian dairy industry
was domestically oriented, exports were mostly in the form of powder that ori-
ginated from the structural imbalance between the domestic needs in fats and
solids non-fats. Since theory suggests that internationalisation is associated
with product differentiation, it is unsurprising to see that co-operatives, at the
time, had little concern with internationalisation.
3. …, in the eighties, changes in the marketing of milk have favoured
dairy products with growth, such as soft products and speciality cheese. Powder
and butter plants became residual plants that were processing the milk that
could not be used for more value-added products. As a result, Co-ops, which at
the time were mostly processing commodity products, saw their access to raw
milk being greatly reduced. This created incentive for co-operatives and others
to make some movement of consolidation in the form of plant closure, merger

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