This is the USA. Колотыгина Т.Л - 13 стр.

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15
ernment, other powers to the state governments, and yet other powers to
both. For example, only the national government can print money, the states
establish their own school systems, and both the national and the state govern-
ments can collect taxes.
Three Branches of Government
Within the national government, power is divided among three branches:
the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
The legislative branch consists of Congress, which has two parts—the House of
Representatives and the Senate. Congress's main function is to make laws. There are
100 senators (two from each state) and 435 representatives (the number from each state
depends on the size of the state's population).
The President is the head of the executive branch and the country. The executive
branch i administers the laws (decide? low the laws Should be carried out). In add-
on to the President, the Vice-President, and their staffs, the executive branch
consists of departments and agencies.
There are now 14 departments, including Treasury, State, Defense, and Health
and Human Services. Each department has different responsibilities. For exam-
ple, the Treasury Department manages the nation's money, while the State Depart-
ment helps make foreign policy. The President appoints the department heads,
who together make up the President's Cabinet, or advisers. The agencies regulate spe-
cific areas. For example, the Environmental Protection Agency tries to control pollu-
tion, while the Securities and Exchange Commission regulates the stock markets.
The judicial branch interprets the laws and makes sure that new laws are in keep-
ing with the Constitution. There are several levels of federal courts. The Supreme
Court is the most important. It has nine members, who are appointed for life. '
The system of checks and balances, established by the Constitution, is meant to
prevent any branch from having too much power. Each branch has certain controls
over the other branches. For example, Congress makes the laws but the president can
veto, or reject, a law and the Supreme Court can decide a law is unconstitutional.
State and Local Government
Each state has its own constitution. Like the national government, state
governments are divided into legislative, executive, and judicial branches. There are
state senators and representatives and state court systems. Just as the President
is the leader of the national government, each state has a governor as its leader. Be-
low the state level of government, there are county and city governments.

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