Введение в технологию программирования. Ч.1. Среда объектно-ориентированного программирования Delphi. Коржов Е.Н - 69 стр.

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ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɡɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɜɚɲ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝ Lab_7.
ɑɚɫɬɶ II. Ɂɚɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɟ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ Windows
ɜɂɋɊ – DELPHI 7
1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬ-
ɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɚɥɢɬɪɵ
Delphi ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɱɟɬɚ-
ɸɬɫɹ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɦɟɧɸ (ɝɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɢ ɜɫɩɥɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ), ɤɚɤ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ, ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɢ. ȼ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɧɢɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ.
ɉɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɮɨɪɦ. ȼ
ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ BorderIcons ɢ
BorderStyle ɮɨɪɦɵ.
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ
Anchors, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɱɟɪɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɨɬ-
ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ.
Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɭɸ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ Hint
ɢ ShowHint.
ɉɪɨɹɜɢɬɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ Drag & Drop.
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɷɬɚɩɚ (ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨ-
ɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ).
ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ
1. ɉɪɨɞɭɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɜɡɚɢ-
ɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɮɨɪɦ.
2. ɉɪɢɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɜ ɮɨɪɦ.
3. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ.
4. ɋɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɬɤɥɢɤɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɚɲɟ
ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ. ɇɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦɢ.
ɉɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ-
ɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɣɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɢ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ, ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ
ɩɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɭ Sender.
5. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɟ ɫɨ-
ɛɵɬɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ.
2. ɋɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡ-
ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɭ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɨ-
ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɜ ɩɚɩɤɟ ɫ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ «Ɂɚɱɟɬ».
ȼɚɪɢɚɧ-
ɬɵ
ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ
1
Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɧɭɸ
ɤɧɢɠɤɭ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɨ ɜɚɲɢɯ ɫɨɤɭɪɫɧɢɤɚɯ. ȼ ɡɚɩɢɫɧɨɣ ɤɧɢɠɤɟ
ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ: ɎɂɈ; ɚɞɪɟɫ ɢ ɬɟ-
ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɡɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɜɚɲ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝ Lab_7.
ɑɚɫɬɶ II. Ɂɚɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɟ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ Windows
ɜ ɂɋɊ – DELPHI 7
1.    Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ
   ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬ-
ɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɚɥɢɬɪɵ
Delphi ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɱɟɬɚ-
ɸɬɫɹ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɦɟɧɸ (ɝɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɢ ɜɫɩɥɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ), ɤɚɤ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ, ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɢ. ȼ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɧɢɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɵ.
   ɉɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɮɨɪɦ. ȼ
ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ BorderIcons ɢ
BorderStyle ɮɨɪɦɵ.
   ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ
Anchors, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɱɟɪɧɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɨɬ-
ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ.
   Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɭɸ ɫɥɭɠɛɭ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ Hint
ɢ ShowHint.
   ɉɪɨɹɜɢɬɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ Drag & Drop.
   ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɷɬɚɩɚ (ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨ-
ɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ).
      ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɬɚɩ
     1. ɉɪɨɞɭɦɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɜɡɚɢ-
ɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɮɨɪɦ.
     2. ɉɪɢɦɢɬɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɜ ɮɨɪɦ.
     3. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ.
     4. ɋɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɬɤɥɢɤɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɚɲɟ
ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ. ɇɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦɢ. ɉɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ-
ɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɣɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɢ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ, ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ
ɩɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɭ Sender.
     5. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɟ ɫɨ-
ɛɵɬɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ.
2. ɋɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ
Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡ-
ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɭ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɨ-
ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɜ ɩɚɩɤɟ ɫ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ «Ɂɚɱɟɬ».

 ȼɚɪɢɚɧ-
                               ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ
   ɬɵ
           Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɧɭɸ
    1      ɤɧɢɠɤɭ ɫ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɨ ɜɚɲɢɯ ɫɨɤɭɪɫɧɢɤɚɯ. ȼ ɡɚɩɢɫɧɨɣ ɤɧɢɠɤɟ
           ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ: ɎɂɈ; ɚɞɪɟɫ ɢ ɬɟ-
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