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ÎÃËÀÂËÅÍÈÅ
ÏÐÅÄÈÑËÎÂÈÅ .......................................................................... 3
1. ÂÂÅÄÅÍÈÅ Â ÅÑÒÅÑÒÂÎÇÍÀÍÈÅ ............................................ 5
Ãëàâà 1. Åñòåñòâåííî-íàó÷íàÿ è ãóìàíèòàðíàÿ êóëüòóðû ......... 5
Ãëàâà 2. Íàó÷íûé ìåòîä ïîçíàíèÿ, îïûò, ãèïîòåçà, çàêîí,
òåîðèÿ .................................................................. 7
Ãëàâà 3. Ìàòåðèÿ è ôîðìû åå ñóùåñòâîâàíèÿ ......................... 10
Ãëàâà 4. Ïîñòóëàòèâíîñòü îñíîâíûõ çàêîíîâ åñòåñòâîçíàíèÿ,
ãðàíèöû èõ ïðèìåíèìîñòè ..................................... 12
Ãëàâà 5. Ðàçäåëû åñòåñòâîçíàíèÿ .......................................... 15
Ãëàâà 6. Ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèé àïïàðàò åñòåñòâîçíàíèÿ .................. 18
2. ÔÈÇÈÊÀ ÍÅÎÁÕÎÄÈÌÎÃÎ ..................................................... 25
Ãëàâà 7. Ýòàïû ðàçâèòèÿ ôèçèêè .......................................... 25
Ãëàâà 8. Âåùåñòâî è ìàññà, ïðèíöèï ýêâèâàëåíòíîñòè .......... 33
Ãëàâà 9. Âçàèìîäåéñòâèå, ïîëå, ïðèíöèïû áëèçêîäåéñòâèÿ è .
äàëüíîäåéñòâèÿ ..................................................... 35
Ãëàâà 10. Ñîñòîÿíèå ñèñòåìû, åå èçìåíåíèå âî âðåìåíè .......... 38
Ãëàâà 11. Êëàññè÷åñêàÿ ìåõàíèêà ........................................ 41
§ 1. Îñíîâíûå ïîëîæåíèÿ ìåõàíèêè Ãàëèëåÿ ................. 41
§ 2. Ïðèíöèï îòíîñèòåëüíîñòè. Ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ Ãàëèëåÿ 44
§ 3. Çàêîíû êëàññè÷åñêîé ìåõàíèêè, èõ èíâàðèàíòíîñòü
îòíîñèòåëüíî ïðåîáðàçîâàíèé Ãàëèëåÿ ..................... 47
§ 4. Äåòåðìèíèçì êëàññè÷åñêîé ìåõàíèêè .................... 50
Ãëàâà 12. Ðàáîòà, ýíåðãèÿ .................................................... 52
Ãëàâà 13. Ñïåöèàëüíàÿ òåîðèÿ îòíîñèòåëüíîñòè..................... 60
§ 1. Ïîñòóëàòû òåîðèè îòíîñèòåëüíîñòè ......................... 60
§ 2. Ðåëÿòèâèñòñêàÿ ìåõàíèêà ...................................... 63
§ 3. Ðåëÿòèâèñòñêàÿ äèíàìèêà, ìàññà ïîêîÿ, ñâÿçü
ìàññû è ýíåðãèè ................................................... 68
Ãëàâà 14. Çàêîíû ñîõðàíåíèÿ ............................................... 71
§ 1. Çàêîíû ñîõðàíåíèÿ, êàê îòðàæåíèå ñèììåòðèè
ïðîöåññîâ ïðåîáðàçîâàíèÿ ...................................... 71
§ 2. Ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå çàêîíû ñîõðàíåíèÿ .................... 74
§ 3. Ýâîëþöèÿ çàêîíà ñîõðàíåíèÿ ìàññû – ýíåðãèè –
ìàòåðèè ............................................................... 77
3. ÔÈÇÈÊÀ ÍÅÏÐÅÐÛÂÍÎÃÎ ..................................................... 81
Ãëàâà 15. Ôèçè÷åñêèå ïîëÿ .................................................. 81
§ 1. Îïèñàíèå ôèçè÷åñêèõ ïîëåé .................................. 81
§ 2. Ïîëÿ öåíòðàëüíûõ ñèë. Ýëåêòðè÷åñêèå è ãðàâèòàöè-
îííûå ïîëÿ ........................................................... 86
§ 3. Âèõðåâûå ïîëÿ ...................................................... 91
