Geography. Козлова Е.П. - 15 стр.

bark. Explorers have found the Eskimos to be unusually skilful in doing this.

3.8 Answer the following questions

What can be presented on maps?
When did people begin to make and use maps?
Who was the first to attempt to make a map of the world?
When was map making revived?
How did the great voyages of discovery influence the development of map making?
What inventions helped map makers in their work?
What are three kinds of maps? Speak about each kind.
What abilities help to make and to read maps?

3.9 Make up the plan of the text “Geography and Maps”. Retell the text

3.10 Text for written translation

Exhibit of Old Maps More Than Geography

      The maps in the exhibit, titled “Russia and the Rest of the World”, date from the
16 th to the beginning of the 20 th century and give insight into the politics and
attitudes of their time.
      Russia had maps before Peter the Great, but they were more impressionistic than
scientific. They showed approximately where different athnic groups were located,
as opposed to showing rivers, roads and other geographical features. But Europeans
who traded Russia needed accurate maps and most of maps in the exhibit were
created by foreigners. A map drawn by Dutchmen Gessel Gerrits in 1614 is an
excellent illustration of the Western attitudes toward Russia. One corner is dominated
by a map of Moscow and Central Russia is drawn in a fair amount of detail. On the
right-hand side, the map drops off abruptly, and Gerris simply wrote the word
“Tartar” to depict all of modern day Siberia. This map and the others from the same
atlas were used as the basis for most 17 th – century maps of Russia.
      The two most noticeable maps located at the gallery are not actually part of the
exhibit but are on permanent display. One depicts Europe in 1914 but has none of the
usual borders and geographical features. Instead, a caricature of the tsar represents
Russia, while different animals represent other European countries. The other map
shows Russia as a large black bear.

3.11 Make up all possible types of questions to the text 3.10

Read and smile
Teacher: Who helped you to draw this map, Jack?
Jack: Nobody, sir.
Teacher: Didn't your brother help you?
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