Geography. Козлова Е.П. - 35 стр.

3. Гидросфера включает воды Мирового Океана, воды суши и воду в атмосфере.
4. Газы, из которых состоит атмосфера: 78 % азот, 21 % кислород, 1 % другие
   газы.
5. Земная кора – это твердая оболочка, покрывающая землю.
6. Земная кора, мантия и внутренняя часть ядра твердые, внешняя часть ядра
   считается жидкой.
7. Ученые считают, что Земля образовалась около 4.5 миллиардов лет назад.

7.8 Read and translate the dialogue. Reproduce it

A: We can easily study the outer layer of the earth but how do scientists form theories
about the inside of the earth?
B: Well, theories about the structure of the earth are based on facts. Being unable to
penetrate into the centre of the earth scientists must collect facts indirectly. Most
information comes from studying earthquakes.
A: Perhaps it is the waves caused by earthquakes that are being studied, isn’t it?
B: Quite right. A record is kept of the intensity, time and direction of the waves send
from the earthquake centres.
A: Do the waves travel at a uniform speed?
B: No. It seems that the waves bounce off from certain layers and it is this
information which shows us that the earth has different layers, that it is not uniform
from the surface to the core.

7.9 Answer the following questions

What are the outer layers of the earth?
What is atmosphere? hydrosphere? lithosphere?
What are the three major parts of the earth?
What kinds of materials are the crust and the mantle composed of?
The core is believed to vary in structure and composition, isn’t it?
What method has been used to estimate the age of the earth?
What is the approximate age of the earth?

7.10 Write down a summarizing sentence for each paragraph of the text “The Earth”.
On the basis of the above task, prepare an oral summary of the text




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