Geography. Козлова Е.П. - 94 стр.

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– When the geo-student consider the environment, and particularly when he is
concerned with the diversified relations of man to his total physical environment, he
takes an exceptionally broad field because all of the physical features of the earth are
the subject matter of his interest.
– Cartography is the art and science of map making. Recent developments in
mathematics, computers, and electronics have expanded cartography to include the
study and analysis of aerial photographs and remotely sensed (satellite) images.
– Political geography deals with the administration of areas, territorial acquisitions,
political boundaries, and patterns of government. Political geography is closely tired
to social geography, the study of the interrelationships of groups and communities,
the study of human movements within and between communities.
– A globe is the only model of the earth in the shape of a sphere, just like the earth.
The globe provides the most accurate representation of the shape of the earth.
– Earthquakes usually take place along faults or at the edges of the earth’s plate.
About three quarters of the world earthquakes occur in a zone which borders the
Pacific Ocean from New Zealand to the southern tip of South America. Because of its
volcanic activity, this belt is known as the “Ring of Fire”.
– Large masses of moving ice, known as glaciers, erode the land in the colder
regions of the world. As the glaciers move through mountain passes, they create
distinctive U-shaped mountain valleys by eroding soil and rocks from the valley floor
and walls.
– Ice is our common water reservoir. A progect has been worked out for hauling an
icebirg 100×500×200 meters in size from the Antarctic to Australia.
– Because of Island’s geographical position, elements of both southern and arctic
faunas live there under peripheral conditions and react quickly to climatic changes.
– Cities have been on Earth for more than 5000 years and, during all of this time,
there have been various types of environmental problems associated with
urbanization, with urban growth, and the tendency for the inhabitants of rural areas to
drift to cities in an effort to improve their material well – being.
– While the high-level atmospheric zones are important in such fields as space
research, remote sensing, and telecommunications, it is the largest layer, the
troposphere, which is of the greatest interest to physical geographers and weather
forecasters who survey the changing conditions of the atmosphere in a study known
as meteorology.
– Cyclone is a center (a cell) of low pressure that is typified by the convergence of
air. All cyclonic storms move from west to east in the prevailing westerlies and swing
northeastward across the Atlantic Coast. Anticyclone – a cell of high pressure in
which air diverges. Often clear weather. Thunderstorm – a convectional storm
accompanied by thunder and lightning.
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