Geology. Козлова Е.П. - 11 стр.

interpretation of geological maps. The module ends with a comparison of the
nature and history of the Earth, Mercury, Venus, the Moon and Mars.
       Second semester: Earth Evolution and Environment begins by examining
processes operating within the planet, including deformation and the creation of
fold and fault structures in rocks. The theme then shifts to the surface landforms of
the Earth and a study of the processes involved in their formation. An
environmental approach to sediments and land forms leads on to the study of
fossils, ecology and the evolution of life as recorded in the fossil record. Finally,
the history of the Earth over 4,5 billion years is surveyed. A 5-day field course is
held during the Easter vacation and affords field experience in areas distant from
St Andrews. This is normally compulsory for students wishing to enter either
Second level module.
    Second level.
      Two modules are offered and each module includes 4 hours of lectures and
5 hours of practical per week and several field excursions (for ex. field mapping
course). The Geological Record develops Earth Evolution and Environment with
instruction in sediments, Earth history, fossils and ecology, environmental
geology, geophysics, structures and mapping. Petrology expands Planet Earth and
its materials, covering crystallography, mineral optics, mineralogy, igneous and
metamorphic rocks, geochemistry and mapping.
    Honours Years.
      In the Honours Years the prescribed Geology modules cover map
interpretation, geological field techniques, remote sensing, computing and statistics,
seminars, review essays, cartography, and an independent research project.

     1.15 Прочтите и переведите текст I D. Ответьте на следующий вопрос
Do you agree with some of Laura's friends who regard her to be a little mad because
she spends so much time on her summer vacations in geological expeditions?
                           Mapping the World
        From Norway to India to Chile: a British geology student Laura Robinson
                     reflects on her far-flung expeditions.
      Three years before I had decided that I wanted to find out more about other
cultures than I could through school exchange trips. But as a 17-year-old, I felt I
needed help in traveling to a remote destination. So I joined a large expedition for
young people that involved six weeks of scientific work, mountaineering and skiing
in the Arctic of Norway. The trip to Norway made me realize that I could best
understand other cultures by spending time near small settlements rather than through


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