Geology. Козлова Е.П. - 34 стр.

     3.14 Определите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию
текста 3С

1) The purpose of preliminary exploration is to establish the mineral reserves and
their distribution in different sectors of the deposit.
2) An all round description of the deposit enable the cost of its detailed exploration to
be estimated.
3) The properties of the surrounding rock and overburden are taken into consideration
during the preliminary exploration.
4) In the search for veins the preliminary exploration established the full geological
sequence of rocks in the deposit.
5) When the thickness of overburden is small and the angle of dip is steep, pits are
sunk.
6) Trenches are used in search for veins.
7) The purpose of the detailed exploration is to find out the quantity of the deposit.

    3.15 Составьте план текста 3C. Перескажите текст, используя план и
данные слова

     to find out, to give an all – round description of the deposit, to take into
     consideration, to use, to depend on, to be prospected by, to determine, to obtain, to
     begin, to facilitate.

        3.16 Прочтите и переведите текст 3D

                                Petroleum and natural gas
                              (prospecting and exploration)

       Petroleum is a naturally occuring hydrocarbon material of animal and
vegetable origin. First formed in deep sedimentary beds, petroleum later migrated to
its present position in porous underground rocks. Petroleum occurs as either a liquid,
a gas, or a combination of both. The vast majority of petroleum deposits lie in natural
rock at depths from 150 to 7,600 metres below the surface of the ground. The
petroleum deposits, or reservoirs, are prevented from migrating upward by
interventing layers of dence rock. As a general rule, the deeper deposits have higher
internal pressures and contain greater quantities of the gaseous hydrocarbons.
       When it was discovered in the 19 th century that rock oil could yield a distilled
product (kerosene) suitable for lanterns, sources of this oil were eagerly sought. It is
now generally agreed that the first well drilled specially to find petroleum was that of
.Edwin Drake in Pennsylvania, in 1859. The success of this well, drilled close to an
oil seep, led to further drilling in the same vicinity and soon to exploration elsewhere.
The growing demand for petroleum products led quickly to oil wells not only in the
US but also in other countries. By the last quarter of the 20 th century, there were
approximately 600,000 producing oil wells in more than 100 different countries. Oil
is produced in every continent except Antarctica.
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