Английский язык. Мачнева В.В - 15 стр.

     In addition to the lawyers and the judge, three other people will play an important
role in the trial. The court reporter, who sits close to the witnesses and the judge, puts
down every word that is spoken during the trial and also may record the proceedings on
tape. The clerk, who sits right below the judge, keeps track of all documents and exhibits
and notes down important events in the trial. The bailiff helps to keep the trial running
smoothly. The jury is in the custody of the bailiff, who sees to the jurors comfort and
convenience and helps them if they are having any problems related to jury service.


      3.1.9 With a partner write a dialogue to illustrate the topic "Legal
Professions in Britain". Dramatise it


      4 Unit 4 Attorneys in the USA

      4.1 Read the following text and translate it

                                Growth of the Profession
     Today, the number of lawyers in the United States exceeds 675,000. This translates
to one lawyer for 364 people. Twenty-five years ago, there was one lawyer for every 700
people. The rate at which the legal profession is growing will probably continue to
outpace rate population growth through the end of the century.
     Why is a career in law so popular? Market forces account for some of the allure.
We know that in 1984 the average salary of experienced lawyers was 88,000 dollars. If
we could include in this average the salaries of all lawyers, whatever their experience,
the figure would probably be much lower, certainly well below the 108,000 dollars
average salary of physicians. But lawyers' salaries are still substantially greater than
those of many other professionals. Salaries for newly minted lawyers heading for elite
New York law firms exceeded 71,000 dollars in 1987; some firms offered additional
bonuses for clerkship experience in the federal courts and state supreme courts. The
glamour of legal practice strengthens the attraction of its financial rewards.
     There are other reasons for the popularity of the legal profession and the
unquenchable demand for legal services. Materialism and individualism in American
culture encourage dispute. Federalism gives separate legal systems for each state plus
the national government. Advertising can now create demand for legal services, too.
Finally, the principles of separation of powers and of checks and balances make
governing difficult and sometimes impossible. When political institutions act, they often
are forced to compromise, deferring critical issues to the courts. Pluralist democracy
operates when groups are able to press their interests on, and even challenge, the
government. The expression of group demands in a culture that encourages lawsuits


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