Функциональная стилистика. Максакова С.П - 13 стр.

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It has been argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see
marine mammals (Smith, 1992). Most Australians, so this argument goes, live in cities and never
get to see these animals. It is claimed that marine parks allow the average Australian to
appreciate our marine wildlife. However, as Smith states, dolphins, whales and seals can be
viewed in the wild at a number of places on the Australian coast. In fact, there are more places
where they can be seen in the wild than places where they can be seen in captivity. Moreover,
most Australians would have to travel less to get to these locations than they would to get to the
marine parks on the Gold Coast. In addition, places where there are wild marine mammals do not
charge an exorbitant entry fee - they are free.
Dr Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, contends that we need
marine parks for scientific research (The Age, 19.2.93). She argues that much of our knowledge
of marine mammals comes from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge
which is obtained at marine parks, so this argument goes, can be useful for planning for the
conservation of marine mammal species. However, as Jones (1991) explains, park research is
only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning about animals in the
wild. Dolphin and whale biology changes in marine park conditions. Their diets are different,
they have significantly lower life spans and they are more prone to disease. In addition, marine
mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are
changed. Therefore research undertaken at marine parks is generally not reliable.
It is the contention of the Marine Park Owners Association that marine parks attract a lot of
foreign tourists (The Sun-Herald 12.4.93). This position goes on to assert that these tourists
spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national
balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still come to Australia if the parks were
closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other
reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld (The Age, Good Weekend 16.8.93). Tourists come
here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and cement
pools. They can see animals in those conditions in their own countries Furthermore, we should
be promoting our beautiful natural environment to tourists and not the ugly concrete marine park
venues.
Dolphin parks are unnecessary and cruel. The dolphins and whales in these parks are kept in very
small, cramped ponds, whereas in the wild they are used to roaming long distances across the
seas. Furthermore, the concrete walls of the pools interfere with the animals' sonar systems of
communication. In addition, keeping them in pools is a terrible restriction of the freedom of
fellow creatures who may have very high levels of intelligence and a sophisticated language
ability. Moreover, there are many documented cases of marine mammals helping humans who
are in danger at sea or helping fisherman with their work.
In conclusion, these parks should be closed, or at the very least, no new animals should be
captured for marine parks in the future. Our society is no longer prepared to tolerate unnecessary
cruelty to animals for science and entertainment. If we continue with our past crimes against
these creatures we will be remembered as cruel and inhuman by the generations of the future.
6) Iraq: From Gunboat Diplomacy To Gunpoint Democracy
By Congressman Jesse L. Jackson, Jr.
Friday 28 March 2003

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