Психология зависимости. Макушина О.П. - 38 стр.

      3) ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɛɟɝɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɩɢɳɢ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɣ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɭɜɟ-
ɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɫɚ.
      ȼɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɚɧɨɪɟɤɫɢɢ:
      1) ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɟ
ɧɟɞɨɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɮɢɝɭɪɨɣ, ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɟɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɬɨɣ, ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚ-
ɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɨɯɭɞɚɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɞɟɚɥ;
      2) ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɢ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ
ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɜɢɚɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ – ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɫɚ (ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɝɨ ɪɚ-
ɰɢɨɧɚ, ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɝɨɣ ɞɢɟɬɵ, ɩɪɢɛɟɝɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɭɩɪɚɠɧɟɧɢ-
ɹɦ, ɩɪɢɟɦ ɫɥɚɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɤɥɢɡɦ, ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɪɜɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɚ); ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ – ɜ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɚɯ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞ
ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɬɟɦɟ ɩɨɯɭɞɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɞɢɟɬ;
      3) ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɤɚɯɟɤɫɢɢ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ
ɞɢɫɬɪɨɮɢɢ: ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɫɚ, ɫɭɯɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɛɥɟɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɠɢ ɢ ɞɪ.
      95 % ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɚɧɨɪɟɤɫɢɟɣ, – ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ, ɱɚɳɟ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ
ɨɬ 14 ɞɨ 19 ɥɟɬ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɧɢɡɤɭɸ ɫɚɦɨɨɰɟɧɤɭ, ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɜɨ-
ɟɣ ɜɧɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ.
      ɇɟɪɜɧɚɹ ɚɧɨɪɟɤɫɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɫɨ ɡɞɨ-
ɪɨɜɶɟɦ – ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɬɟɥɚ, ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɚɦɟɧɨɪɟɹ
(ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɧɫɬɪɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ), ɨɩɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɥɚ, ɭɯɭɞɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹ-
ɧɢɹ ɤɨɠɢ, ɧɨɝɬɟɣ, ɜɨɥɨɫ, ɡɚɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɟɪɞɰɟɛɢɟɧɢɟ ɜɩɥɨɬɶ ɞɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɨɫ-
ɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɟɪɞɰɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɣ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ; ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ – ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɩɪɟɫɫɢɢ, ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɜɢɧɵ, ɭɯɭɞɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨ-
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ.
      Ʉ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɚɞɞɢɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɟ-
ɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ, ɜɨ-ɩɟɪɜɵɯ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɜɹɡɵ-
ɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɠɟɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɪɚɫɨɬɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɧɚ ɯɭɞɨɛɭ, ɜɨ-
ɜɬɨɪɵɯ, ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɜ ɫɟɦɶɟ (ɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɥɟɧɨɜ ɫɟɦɶɢ ɜ ɞɟ-
ɥɚ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɚ, ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɚɹ ɞɟɮɢɰɢɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢ-
ɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ), ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɦɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ (ɝɢɩɟɪɨ-
ɩɟɤɚ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɭ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɨɫɨɡɧɚ-
ɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨ-
ɰɟɫɫɚ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ), ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɱɟɪɢ ɫ ɦɚɬɟɪɶɸ (ɜɟɞɶ ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ
ɩɢɳɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚ,
ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɶɸ, ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɟ-
ɧɢɹ), ɢ ɧɚɤɨɧɟɰ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɨɬɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢ-
ɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ – ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɝɢɩɨɬɚ-
ɥɚɦɭɫɚ, ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ: ɥɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɩɨɬɚɥɚɦɭɫɚ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ, ɛɭɞɭɱɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɥɨɞɚ, ɢ ɜɟɧɬɪɨɦɟ-
ɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɢɩɨɬɚɥɚɦɭɫɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨ
ɝɨɥɨɞɚ ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɟɬ.

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