English for Masters in Economics. Маркушевская Л.П - 9 стр.

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Университет ИТМО | Санкт-Петербург

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204
APPenDIX II
The most common terms and abbreviations used
in economics and business correspondence
А
ABS
Asset-BackedSecurities
ценные бумаги, обеспеченные
активами
АССА
AssociationofCertiedand
Corporate
Ассоциация
дипломированных
Бухгалтеров
ACF
Accumulated Cash Flow
накопленный денежный поток
А/с
account
счет
ack.
acknowledgement
подтверждение
ad(vt)
advertisement
объявление, реклама
add.
addendum
приложение
ADP
automatic data processing
автоматическая обработка
данных (АОД)
ad val.
ad valorem (according to the
value)
с объявленной стоимости лат.
AG
Aktiengesellschaft
(German public company)
общественная компания в
Германии
AGM
annual general meeting
ежегодное общее собрание
AIM
Alternative Investment Market
альтернативный
инвестиционный рынок
a.k.a.
also known as
так же известен, как
APR
Annual Percentage Rate
скорректированная текущая
стоимость
AOB
any other business
и прочие вопросы
appx
appendix
приложение
ASA
Advertising Standards Authority
отдел рекламных стандартов
ATM Automated Teller Machine банкомат
9
What are the World’s Major Currencies?
The currencies of the world’s major economies have names and back-
grounds that are as diverse as the countries themselves. The dollar, used
in many countries including the United States, Canada, and Australia, gets
name from a silver coin minted during the Middle Ages in a small val-
ley, or «Thal», in Bohemia called Joachimsthal. Just as a sausage from
Frankfurt came to be called frankfurter, the coins from Joachimsthal were
called «Joachimstaler» or simply «Thaler», and came to be called «dollar»
in English.
The pound, used in Britain, Egypt, and Lebanon among others, refers
to the weight used in determining the value of coins, based on precious
metals such as gold or sterling. The penny has the same origin as the
word pawn, found in terms such as pawn shop, and originally meant «to
pledge». A penny, like any currency, is a «pledge» of value.
The riyal, in Saudi Arabia and Qatar, and the rial in Iran, are based
on the Spanish word real – which, in turn, was derived from the Latin
regal(is) – referring to earlier «royal» coins. The dinar, used in Iraq and
Kuwait among others, derives its name from «denarius», a Roman coin
that was worth «ten bronze asses», an item of considerable value in days
of old. In India, Pakistan, and other countries of the subcontinent, the cur-
rency is called rupee (in Indonesia, rupiah), based on the Sanskrit word
rupya, meaning «coined silver».
The ancient Chinese word yiam meant «round», or «small round thing».
The name of the Japanese currency, the yen, and the name of the Chinese
currency, the yuan, both derived from the old Chinese word, refer to the
round shape of the original coins.
Task 1. Answer the questions.
1. What countries is dollar used in?
2. What is the origin of dollar?
3. What currency is used in Egypt? Saudi Arabia? Kuwait?
4. What is the origin of the word «penny»?
5. What is the history of the Japanese currency name?
Task 2. Summarize the text.

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