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32
relevant to a goal isn't all that reliable. For example, if you are trying to decide
whether to carry an umbrella on your walk to dinner, your experience upon stepping
outside for a moment might lead to a better decision than any plan you made based
on the morning's weather report. Braver and colleagues also suggest that relying on
reactive control helps us develop habits more easily, which help us respond to
common situations with greater speed and less effort than top-down control (which
they term "proactive").
The distractibility seen in heavy media-multitaskers could also reflect a basic
attraction for novelty or information. Or it could simply reflect the fact that focusing
is hard. One interesting but unanswered question noted by the scientists is whether
multitasking causes, or is caused by, the weaknesses in cognitive control that were
observed in the heavy multitaskers. Does media-multitasking make people more
distractible, or are people who are more easily distracted more likely to become
media-multitaskers?
The researchers point out that cutting back on media-multitasking could reduce
distractibility in the real-world regardless of the causal direction by addressing either
the symptom or the cause. If you are a distractible person who uses multiple media at
once, take advantage of your reactive control: try organizing your environment so
that your distractions lead you in productive directions (project-piles, reminder notes)
rather than toward irrelevant (albeit fun or interesting) information. If, however, you
are a media-multitasker who thinks that you’re becoming a more distractible person,
then maybe it’s just time to turn off the gadgets for a while.
Notes:
• susceptible – восприимчивый
• curb - обуздывать, сдерживать, укрощать, усмирять
• cognition - познание; узнавание, распознавание
• cue - давать команду вызова; команда вызова
• distractible – рассеянный, невнимательный
Task 1. True or false?
1. High score at multitasking is usually connected with great skills to switch
quickly between distinct tasks.
2. You have to be a multitasker to be good in information processing.
3. The only problem for high-level multitasker is lack of time and energy.
4. Using of reminder notes is a good way to perform many tasks.
5. Multitasking makes people helpless to perform task requiring high level of
focusing.
6. Psychologists are sure that reducing of media-multitasking can increase the
ability to focus on particular problem.
7. Multitasking doesn’t really affect ability to response.
Task 2. Answer the questions.
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