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43
phenomena: when he becomes a theorist they fuse into a simple and dignified
structure. But some contemporary theories are so intricate that an increasing number
of people prefer dealing with the confusion of the phenomena than with the
confusion of theory.
5. A different idea suggests that theory enables one to calculate the result of an
experiment in a shorter time than it takes to perform the experiment. I do not think
that the definition is very pleasing to the theorists, for some problems are obviously
solved more quickly by experimentors than by theorists.
6. Another viewpoint is that theory serves to suggest new experiments. This is
sound, but it makes the theorist the handman of the experimentator, and be may not
like this auxiliary role. Still another viewpoint is that theory serves to discourage the
waste of time on making useless experiments.
Task 1. Divide the text into its logical parts and give a title to each part.
Task 2. Explain the meaning of the words “research”, “definition”,
“argument” in English. Give the sentences of your own using these words.
Task 3. What have you learnt about:
a) fundamental research
b) different viewpoints about theory
c) possible outcome of the research
Task 4. Give your point of view.
a) Fundamental research have no immediate practical value.
b) Research is searching without knowing what you are going to find.
Text 4
THE ENVIRONMENT: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
1. Should any one attempt a brief characterization of the present-day envi-
ronment problems he would find it beyond the competence of an individual
scientist. For the environmental situation has long become a subject of separate and
joint research efforts of biologists, chemists, and biochemists who have to combine
their knowledge with the information supplied by students of geology,
oceanography and meteorology, with experts in sociology, psychology and
philosophy hurriedly joining in. Yet, if stated briefly, one of the causes of the
present-day environmental situation should be sought in the lack of a balanced
development of particular fields of knowledge, and of an adequate picture of the
intricately operating whole which is our planet. The rapid and ever-growing
advances in certain highly specialized fields have brought mankind far ahead of our
general fundamental knowledge of the long-range effect of some technological
developments, spectacular though they may appear, especially of their interplay and
interdependence. It is man's intervention in nature that has singled him out from the
rest of the animal world since his early days. It is this very intervention that has
landed him nowadays in this highly technological world of ours, with the rate of
progress in particular applied fields being faster than that in our fundamental
knowledge of the general operation of the Earth. It is precisely this discrepancy
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