Иностранный язык. Мартемьянова Н.В - 9 стр.

                                       9

TEXT THREE
                                II AUGUSTA
Vocabulary notes
magistrate                       -         toga - тога, мантия судьи
государственный чиновник                   to bear - носить, надевать
to     convey      -     выразить,         capable - способный
передать идею                              essential - необходимый
councilor - советник                       brutal - жестокий
crack – великолепный,                      to prod - подгонять, торопить
первоклассный                              pouch - кисет, кошелек
to draw - привлекать, набирать

Pre-reading Task
Read the text quickly to get an idea of what it is about. Ignore the missing
words.

II AUGUSTA
   Rome maintained the largest professional army of the ancient world. Its men
were well equipped and highly trained, and operated in strict formation on the
battlefield.

   0    E
    Magistrates and councilors, elected (1 ) _____the property-owing class,
raised fine public buildings (2) _____towns, which now served (3) ____their
tribal capitals.(4) _____ answered to Rome (5) _____the Governor- whose
toga bore the broad purple stripe (6) _____ distinguished him as a Senator.

  1
   It was the Centurions (mostly elevated from the ranks) (7) _____ provided
the continuity (8) ____    tradition essential (9) ____ a disciplined fighting
force. Often conservative and brutal, they were always feared (10) _____ hated
(11) _____ their men.

   2
    The Optio was nominated by the Centurion as (12) _____ deputy. His
knobended staff was used to prod the ranks (13) _____ line, and he carried the
'orders of the day' in a pouch (14) _____ his belt.
   3
    Standard - bearers normally wore shirts of mail (15) _____ scale amour. As a
mark of (l6) _____ status, and to convey appropriate ferocity, they wore the
skins of bears or wolves. Standard - bearers also had responsibility (17) ___ the
safekeeping of soldiers pay and savings.