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3
PART ONE
TEXT I
Clear-Eyed Man of Destiny: John Quincy Adams and American Expansionism.
After the War of 1812, most American leaders insisted that the United Slates must
avoid any further economic or political entanglements with Europe. To do so,
America had to become completely self-sufficient. By 1815, many Republicans,
President Madison among them-sounded like the old Federalists as they talked about
the measures necessary to achieve national self- sufficiency: a protective tariff to
stimulate American industry, another national bank to stabilize the country's
financial system, and government-subsidized internal improvements to unite the
sections and facilitate the flow of trade. The name given to this neo-Federalist
program was the American System. To implement it, Congress in 1816 not only
established the Second United States but enacted the first protective tariff in
American history. Because of constitutional scruples, Madison vetoed the third
measure- a bonus bill that would have given federal funds to the slates for internal
improvements. By the time Republican James Monroe entered the presidency in
1816, the American System was under way and the states were building their own
canals and railroads.
Under Monroe, America also began a new era of westward expansion, thanks to
Secretary of State John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts. The son of John Adams,
the second president, John Quincy had been a distinguished diplomat, serving in such
capacities as American minister to Russia and to Great Britain. He was keenly aware
of the intricacies and perils of world diplomacy. Moreover, he was the first to note
the dangers of prolonging the Revolutionary alliance with France. Also he was one
of the negotiators of the Treaty of Ghent and before becoming Secretary of State, he
was Minister to the premier position in the American diplomatic service.
Adams, like Jefferson before him, was a "clear-eyed man of destiny" when it came
to American expansion. Adams and Jefferson laid the foundations of United States
expansionism. Jefferson, envisioning an inland democratic empire, vastly extended
American territory in the Louisiana Purchase. Adams, for his part, had a vision of the
United States as a self-sufficient continental stronghold and pre-eminent power in the
Western Hemisphere. As Monroe's secretary of state, Adams negotiated with Spain
the Adams-Onis Treaty, which acquired Florida for the United States and gave the
United Slates a transcontinental corridor to the Pacific. This treaty was perhaps
Adam’s greatest achievement, for it cleared the way for an American march across
the continent. Adams also formulated the principle of non-colonization in the
Monroe Doctrine, of which he claimed to be the primary author. By the time he
himself became president in 1824, the United Stales had acquired its own continental
empire and taken a significant place in the family of nations.
Vocabulary Exercises
I Find in the text the English for:
1. запутанное, затруднительное положение
2. независимый
3 PART ONE TEXT I Clear-Eyed Man of Destiny: John Quincy Adams and American Expansionism. After the War of 1812, most American leaders insisted that the United Slates must avoid any further economic or political entanglements with Europe. To do so, America had to become completely self-sufficient. By 1815, many Republicans, President Madison among them-sounded like the old Federalists as they talked about the measures necessary to achieve national self- sufficiency: a protective tariff to stimulate American industry, another national bank to stabilize the country's financial system, and government-subsidized internal improvements to unite the sections and facilitate the flow of trade. The name given to this neo-Federalist program was the American System. To implement it, Congress in 1816 not only established the Second United States but enacted the first protective tariff in American history. Because of constitutional scruples, Madison vetoed the third measure- a bonus bill that would have given federal funds to the slates for internal improvements. By the time Republican James Monroe entered the presidency in 1816, the American System was under way and the states were building their own canals and railroads. Under Monroe, America also began a new era of westward expansion, thanks to Secretary of State John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts. The son of John Adams, the second president, John Quincy had been a distinguished diplomat, serving in such capacities as American minister to Russia and to Great Britain. He was keenly aware of the intricacies and perils of world diplomacy. Moreover, he was the first to note the dangers of prolonging the Revolutionary alliance with France. Also he was one of the negotiators of the Treaty of Ghent and before becoming Secretary of State, he was Minister to the premier position in the American diplomatic service. Adams, like Jefferson before him, was a "clear-eyed man of destiny" when it came to American expansion. Adams and Jefferson laid the foundations of United States expansionism. Jefferson, envisioning an inland democratic empire, vastly extended American territory in the Louisiana Purchase. Adams, for his part, had a vision of the United States as a self-sufficient continental stronghold and pre-eminent power in the Western Hemisphere. As Monroe's secretary of state, Adams negotiated with Spain the Adams-Onis Treaty, which acquired Florida for the United States and gave the United Slates a transcontinental corridor to the Pacific. This treaty was perhaps Adam’s greatest achievement, for it cleared the way for an American march across the continent. Adams also formulated the principle of non-colonization in the Monroe Doctrine, of which he claimed to be the primary author. By the time he himself became president in 1824, the United Stales had acquired its own continental empire and taken a significant place in the family of nations. Vocabulary Exercises I Find in the text the English for: 1. запутанное, затруднительное положение 2. независимый
