Computer World. Матросова Т.А. - 53 стр.

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52
research effort, Weinberger says complete documentation on the operating system
became available within Bell Labs only recently.
Longer term, however, Weinberger says, many of Plan 9's concepts could find
their way into commercial UNIX. «In the long run, when somebody sits down at [a
terminal or workstation] you won't be sure whether you're in a Plan 9 environment or
a UNIX environment,» says Weinberger.
TEXT 6
Read the text. Express the main idea of each paragraph.
WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM?
For most people, a computer is a tool for solving problems. When running a
word processor, a computer becomes a machine for arranging words and ideas. With
a spreadsheet, the computer is a financial planning machine, one that is vastly more
powerful than a pocket calculator. Connected to an electronic network, a computer
becomes part of a powerful communications system.
At the heart of every computer is a master set of programs called the operating
system. This is the software that controls the computer's input/output systems such as
keyboards and disk drives, and that loads and runs other programs. The operating
system is also a set of mechanisms and policies that help define controlled sharing of
system resources.
UNI T 5
DATABAS E SYS TEMS
TEXT 1
Translate the text.
THE WORLDS OF DATABASE SYSTEMS
Databases today are essential to every business. They are used to maintain
internal records, to present data to customers and clients on the World-Wide-Web,
and to support many other commercial processes. Databases are likewise found at the
core of many scientific investigations. They represent the data gathered by
astronomers, by investigators of the human genome, and by biochemists exploring the
medicinal properties of proteins, along with many other scientists.
The power of databases comes from a body of knowledge and technology that
has developed over several decades and is embodied in specialized software called a
database management system, or DBMS, or more colloquially a «database system». A
DBMS is a powerful tool for creating and managing large amounts of data efficiently
and allowing it to persist over long periods of time, safely. These systems are among
the most complex types of software available The capabilities that a DBMS provides
the user are:
1. Persistent storage. Like a file system, a DBMS supports the storage of
very large amounts of data that exists independently of any processes that

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