English Reader. Мишустина В.Д. - 65 стр.

   Формула:      while + [V1 + (-ing)]

     - while receiving its funds from rich countries …;
     - while providing its loans to countries …;
     - while supervising the world economy …;
     - while buying domestic goods …;
     - while rising prices on goods and services … .

     18.1.4 Просмотрите текст и найдите предложения со следующими словами
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      Many large loans from the West; "sister" institutions; countries with economic
difficulties; to rebuild war-torn Holland; the regional development banks; many
developing nations; the International monetary system; this "structural adjustment"
process; Acceptance (принятие) of an I.M.F plan; During the difficult restructuring
process.

     Текст
     While performing Poland's debt-ridden centrally planned economy at the end of
the 1980s, the Solidarity government received many large loans from the West,
including development loans and assistance from the World Bank and the
International Monetary Fund. These "sister" institutions, located across the street
from each other in Washington, D.C., serve many roles, including supervising the
world economy and providing "last resort" assistance to economies in need.
     The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), referred to
as the World Bank, provides development aid to the world's poor and underdeveloped
countries. The International Monetary Fund (IMF), concentrates on providing advice
and temporary funds for countries with economic difficulties.
     The major role of the World Bank, the world's biggest development bank, is to
provide a helping hand to countries in need. Its first activity, after being set up in
Washington, D.C., in 1945, was to channel funds from the United States and other
nations into rebuilding Europe after World War II. For example, its first loans were
used to rebuild war-torn Holland, Denmark, and France. The World Bank now
provides most of its loans to countries in the Third World, and receives a significant
portion of its funding from the now wealthy nations it was initially designed to assist.
     Like the regional development banks, the World Bank receives its funds from its
rich member countries, which in turn provide it with the credit to borrow cheaply on
the world's capital markets. This allows the World Bank to provide these funds at
extremely favorable rates to needy countries.
     Like a doctor called in at the last minute, the IMF is often asked to resuscitate
ailing economies. This "structural adjustment" process is a crucial first step before
receiving development assistance from other sources. Acceptance of an IMF plan is
usually seen as a sign that a nation is prepared to seriously address its economic ills,

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